{"id":55058,"date":"2026-01-30T17:00:34","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T16:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?page_id=55058"},"modified":"2026-08-17T16:24:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T14:24:29","slug":"space-shuttle-spacewalks","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/fr\/space-shuttle-spacewalks\/","title":{"rendered":"Sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires de la navette spatiale"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"55058\" class=\"elementor elementor-55058\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-slcs0bd1 slc-breadcrumb-section elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"slcs0bd1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-slcc93c0 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"slcc93c0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-slcbba4b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"slcbba4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"slc-menu-breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"Fil d&#039;Ariane\"><ol><li><a class=\"slc-crumb slc-crumb--home\" href=\"\/fr\/\" aria-label=\"Retour \u00e0 la page d&#039;accueil\"><svg class=\"slc-home-svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3.5 10.8 12 3.9l8.5 6.9\"><\/path><path d=\"M5.8 9.7v9.5h12.4V9.7\"><\/path><path d=\"M9.5 19.2v-5.8h5v5.8\"><\/path><\/svg><span>Accueil<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"slc-sep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\"><path d=\"m6 3.5 4.5 4.5L6 12.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/li><li><span class=\"slc-crumb slc-crumb--group\">La conqu\u00eate de l'espace<\/span><\/li><li class=\"slc-sep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\"><path d=\"m6 3.5 4.5 4.5L6 12.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/li><li><a class=\"slc-crumb slc-crumb--link\" href=\"\/fr\/space-shuttles\/\">Navettes spatiales<\/a><\/li><li class=\"slc-sep\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\"><path d=\"m6 3.5 4.5 4.5L6 12.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/li><li><span class=\"slc-crumb slc-crumb--current\" aria-current=\"page\">Sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires de la navette spatiale<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/nav><style>\n.slc-breadcrumb-section,\nbody .elementor > 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auto!important;padding:0!important;border:0!important;background:transparent!important;box-shadow:none!important;overflow:visible!important}html body.page-id-55058 .elementor-55058>.elementor-top-section.slc-breadcrumb-section>.elementor-container{display:block!important;counter-increment:none!important;width:100%!important;max-width:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}html body.page-id-55058 .elementor-55058>.elementor-top-section.slc-breadcrumb-section>.elementor-container>.elementor-column{display:block!important;counter-increment:none!important;width:100%!important;max-width:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important;border:0!important;background:transparent!important;box-shadow:none!important;transform:none!important}html body.page-id-55058 .elementor-55058>.elementor-top-section.slc-breadcrumb-section>.elementor-container>.elementor-column:before{display:none!important;content:none!important}html body.page-id-55058 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.slc-crumb--home{background:rgba(255,255,255,.065)!important;color:#fff!important}\nbody.page-id-55058 .slc-menu-breadcrumbs .slc-crumb--group{color:#91a0b7!important}\nbody.page-id-55058 .slc-menu-breadcrumbs .slc-crumb--link{color:#c7d2e5!important}\nbody.page-id-55058 .slc-menu-breadcrumbs .slc-crumb--current{background:#f5f7ff!important;color:#091426!important;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.22)!important}\n@media(max-width:767px){body.page-id-55058 .page_content_wrap .elementor-55058{width:calc(100% - 24px)!important;padding-bottom:70px!important}body.page-id-55058 .page_content_wrap .elementor-55058>.elementor-top-section:not(.slc-breadcrumb-section){margin-bottom:14px!important;border-radius:19px!important}html body.page-id-55058 .page_content_wrap .elementor-55058>.elementor-top-section:not(.slc-breadcrumb-section):has(.elementor-widget-text-editor) .elementor-widget-text-editor{padding:25px 21px!important}body.page-id-55058 .page_content_wrap .elementor-55058 .elementor-widget-image img{height:clamp(240px,72vw,390px)!important}body.page-id-55058 .slc-menu-breadcrumbs{margin-top:18px!important;margin-bottom:18px!important}}\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-009742b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"009742b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2351b9a sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"2351b9a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f17041 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f17041\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires (EVA) des navettes spatiales de la NASA (1981-2011) ont r\u00e9volutionn\u00e9 les op\u00e9rations orbitales, permettant la r\u00e9paration de satellites (dont le t\u00e9lescope Hubble), la construction de la Station spatiale internationale (ISS) et le test de nouvelles technologies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be57438 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"be57438\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7eb09bc sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7eb09bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e18cff sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e18cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-1024x683.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55043\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-370x247.jpeg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-840x560.jpeg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-410x273.jpeg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/iss-5-730x487.jpeg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb7588c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cb7588c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cd3a76c sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cd3a76c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43f6108 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"43f6108\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"970\" height=\"542\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55046\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2.jpg 970w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-370x207.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-410x229.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-840x469.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-730x408.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-2-270x152.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 970px) 100vw, 970px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-231183a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"231183a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d21a6f9 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d21a6f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f959c72 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f959c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Parmi les moments cl\u00e9s, citons le premier vol sans attache utilisant le jetpack MMU (B. McCandless, 1984) et les travaux intensifs men\u00e9s \u00e0 bord de l&#039;ISS. Ces missions ont utilis\u00e9 des combinaisons spatiales extrav\u00e9hiculaires (EMU) de pointe, qui ont ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9es aux op\u00e9rations de longue dur\u00e9e sur l&#039;ISS.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-180e06a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"180e06a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5c96b3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c5c96b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9da843 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f9da843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55044\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-768x511.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-370x246.jpeg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-840x559.jpeg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-410x273.jpeg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2-730x486.jpeg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56f7035 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"56f7035\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc0ce7b sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cc0ce7b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04bb112 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04bb112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,0,1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Les d\u00e9buts (ann\u00e9es 1980) :<\/b> La premi\u00e8re sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire de la navette spatiale a eu lieu lors de la mission Challenger (STS-41-B) en 1984, lorsque Bruce McCandless a effectu\u00e9 la toute premi\u00e8re sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire en vol libre sans attache \u00e0 l&#039;aide du dispositif MMU.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37f1a17 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"37f1a17\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a984944 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"a984944\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4266863 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4266863\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1022\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-1022x1024.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55039\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-1022x1024.jpeg 1022w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-768x770.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-370x370.jpeg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-120x120.jpeg 120w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-840x842.jpeg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-410x411.jpeg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-630x630.jpeg 630w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-730x732.jpeg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless-460x460.jpeg 460w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bruce-macandless.jpeg 1437w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1022px) 100vw, 1022px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6008e13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6008e13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f196e3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7f196e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7699b7 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7699b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, Kathryn D. Sullivan est devenue la premi\u00e8re Am\u00e9ricaine \u00e0 effectuer une sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5540ef6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"5540ef6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ff62a4 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"8ff62a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e49454 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e49454\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55052\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-370x247.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-840x560.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-410x273.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sullivan-4-730x487.jpg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601abbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"601abbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85ca502 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"85ca502\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc7ff27 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc7ff27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les missions de maintenance (notamment STS-61 et STS-109) ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que les \u00e9quipages de la navette pouvaient effectuer des r\u00e9parations de pr\u00e9cision sur des satellites en orbite.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4805736 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4805736\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-668af08 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"668af08\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0956473 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0956473\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55048\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-370x245.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-840x557.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-410x272.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-730x484.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c55a1f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c55a1f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-22b1cf5 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"22b1cf5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef8054e sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef8054e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les navettes spatiales ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le crucial dans la construction de la Station spatiale internationale. Lors de la mission STS-49, la premi\u00e8re sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire \u00e0 trois personnes a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e, qui \u00e9tait \u00e9galement l&#039;une des plus longues \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e9poque (8 h 29 min).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-09104e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"09104e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-20f657b sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"20f657b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac8a0d5 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ac8a0d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55049\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-1290x725.jpg 1290w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-840x473.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-410x231.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-730x411.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3-270x152.jpg 270w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b43f77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"2b43f77\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-13fec69 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"13fec69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c32230 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c32230\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le 11 mars 2001, deux astronautes am\u00e9ricains, James Voss et Susan Helms, ont r\u00e9alis\u00e9 ce qui \u00e9tait alors la plus longue sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire de l&#039;histoire un dimanche. Ils ont pass\u00e9 8 heures et 56 minutes \u00e0 l&#039;ext\u00e9rieur du vaisseau spatial, dans l&#039;espace. Les astronautes ont travaill\u00e9 aux endroits o\u00f9 le module de transport italien Leonardo devait \u00eatre amarr\u00e9 \u00e0 la Station spatiale internationale (ISS) et ont fix\u00e9 des antennes pour am\u00e9liorer les communications avec la Terre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f80a5ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"f80a5ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f4ff7d sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"2f4ff7d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fa2a65 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0fa2a65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55045\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-2048x1365.webp 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-370x247.webp 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-840x560.webp 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-410x273.webp 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/naprawy-730x487.webp 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-89d3ea4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"89d3ea4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-241fecf sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"241fecf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9176b9e sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9176b9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les astronautes de la navette spatiale travaillaient \u00e0 l&#039;ext\u00e9rieur, utilisant souvent le bras robotique de la navette (RMS), assurant la maintenance et l&#039;expansion de l&#039;infrastructure spatiale tout au long des 30 ans du programme STS.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b032137 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b032137\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa07d1d sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"fa07d1d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65736fe sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"65736fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-1024x675.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55051\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-1024x675.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-768x506.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-370x244.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-840x554.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-410x270.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon-730x481.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/steve-robinsoon.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cedb125 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cedb125\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b87b69 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"0b87b69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd9df76 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd9df76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les navettes spatiales ont effectu\u00e9 des dizaines de sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires, prouvant ainsi que les humains peuvent construire et r\u00e9parer efficacement des structures complexes dans l&#039;espace.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff590e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"ff590e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dba8b34 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"dba8b34\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f046f3 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f046f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-1024x680.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55047\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-2048x1360.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-370x246.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-840x558.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-410x272.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/satelity-4-730x485.jpg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b13c03b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b13c03b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7032dbe sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7032dbe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d40b9a sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d40b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La plus longue sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire (EVA) jamais r\u00e9alis\u00e9e a dur\u00e9 9 heures et 6 minutes et a \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9e le 17 d\u00e9cembre 2024 par les astronautes chinois Cai Xuzhe et Song Lingdong, de la mission Shenzhou-19. Ils ont effectu\u00e9 des travaux de maintenance sur la station Tiangong, battant ainsi les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents records.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dbc2137 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"dbc2137\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9437765 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"9437765\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af4b51f sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"af4b51f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"938\" height=\"647\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55040\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5.png 938w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-768x530.png 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-370x255.png 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-840x579.png 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-410x283.png 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/chiny-5-730x504.png 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 938px) 100vw, 938px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f2ce68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"9f2ce68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57af798 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"57af798\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98bf85c sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98bf85c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Histoire des sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires les plus importantes<\/h3><p>Le premier homme \u00e0 effectuer une sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire, le 18 mars 1965, fut le cosmonaute sovi\u00e9tique Alexe\u00ef Leonov, \u00e0 bord du vaisseau Voskhod 2. Il resta dans l&#039;espace pendant 12 minutes, reli\u00e9 au vaisseau par un c\u00e2ble. La premi\u00e8re femme \u00e0 r\u00e9aliser une sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire fut la cosmonaute Svetlana Savitskaya, qui quitta la station spatiale Saliout 7 le 25 juillet 1984.<\/p><p><span class=\"citation-288 citation-end-288\">Le premier Ame<\/span>Le premier Am\u00e9ricain \u00e0 avoir effectu\u00e9 une sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire dans l&#039;espace fut Edward Higgins White, qui r\u00e9alisa une sortie le 3 juin 1965 depuis le vaisseau spatial Gemini 4. La premi\u00e8re Am\u00e9ricaine dans l&#039;espace fut Kathryn D. Sullivan, qui participa \u00e0 la mission STS-41-G de la navette spatiale Challenger le 11 octobre 1984.<\/p><p>La premi\u00e8re sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire d&#039;un astronaute \u00e9tranger a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e le 9 d\u00e9cembre 1988 par le Fran\u00e7ais Jean-Loup Chr\u00e9tien lors de son s\u00e9jour de trois semaines \u00e0 bord de la station spatiale Mir.<\/p><p><span class=\"citation-286 citation-end-286\">La premi\u00e8re marche sur la surface lunaire a eu lieu le 21 juillet.,<\/span> En 1969, Neil Armstrong r\u00e9alisa une sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire lors de la mission Apollo 11. Il fut ensuite rejoint par Buzz Aldrin, et leurs sorties dur\u00e8rent respectivement deux heures et quatorze minutes (Armstrong) et une heure et 51 minutes (Aldrin).<\/p><p>La premi\u00e8re sortie extrav\u00e9hiculaire sans attache a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l&#039;astronaute am\u00e9ricain Bruce McCandless le 7 f\u00e9vrier 1984, lors de la mission STS-41-B de la navette spatiale Challenger.<\/p><p>Le d\u00e9tenteur du record du nombre de sorties extrav\u00e9hiculaires effectu\u00e9es est Anatoly Solovyev, qui s&#039;est aventur\u00e9 dans l&#039;espace \u00e0 16 reprises, y passant un total de 77 heures et 41 minutes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7722a9a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7722a9a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d07246 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"8d07246\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9d8304 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b9d8304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-55366\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-370x185.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-840x420.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-410x205.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie-730x365.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/spacery-do-podmiany-ostatnie.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ec81652 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"ec81652\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41cdd07 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"41cdd07\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dee806 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_button\" data-id=\"9dee806\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\tclass=\"sc_item_button sc_button_wrap\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/fr\/space-shuttles\/\" class=\"sc_button sc_button_default sc_button_size_normal sc_button_with_icon sc_button_icon_left\" ><span class=\"sc_button_icon\"><span class=\"icon-reply\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"sc_button_text\"><span class=\"sc_button_title\">Navettes spatiales<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Space walks (EVAs) from NASA Space Shuttles (1981\u20132011) revolutionized orbital operations, enabling satellite repairs (including the Hubble Telescope), the construction of the International Space Station (ISS), and the testing of&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-55058","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Space Shuttle Spacewalks - SpaceLovers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The first NASA space shuttle to perform a spaceflight.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/fr\/space-shuttle-spacewalks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Space Shuttle Spacewalks - SpaceLovers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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