{"id":54211,"date":"2025-10-23T12:32:13","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?page_id=54211"},"modified":"2025-10-23T12:36:53","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:36:53","slug":"aleksander-leonow","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/pl\/aleksander-leonow\/","title":{"rendered":"Aleksander Leonow"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Aleksander Arkhipovich Leonov urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 30 maja 1934 r. w Listwiance w Kraju Zachodniosyberyjskim w Rosyjskiej SRR. Jego ojciec by\u0142 elektrykiem i g\u00f3rnikiem. Leonow by\u0142 rosyjskim kosmonaut\u0105, genera\u0142em dywizji si\u0142 powietrznych, pisarzem i artyst\u0105. Leonov uko\u0144czy\u0142 szko\u0142\u0119 \u015bredni\u0105 w 1953 roku. Leonow zdecydowa\u0142 si\u0119 do\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 do ukrai\u0144skiej przygotowawczej szko\u0142y latania w Kremenczugu; sw\u00f3j pierwszy samodzielny lot odby\u0142 w maju 1955 roku. Podczas gdy oddawa\u0142 si\u0119 swojej pasji do sztuki, studiuj\u0105c w niepe\u0142nym wymiarze godzin w Rydze (rozpocz\u0105\u0142 swoj\u0105 karier\u0119 artystyczn\u0105 od rysowania kwiat\u00f3w, a p\u00f3\u017aniej malowa\u0142 pejza\u017ce na p\u0142\u00f3tnach), Leonov rozpocz\u0105\u0142 zaawansowany dwuletni kurs, aby zosta\u0107 pilotem my\u015bliwca w Wy\u017cszej Szkole Pilot\u00f3w Si\u0142 Powietrznych Czugujewa w Ukrai\u0144skiej SRR.<\/p>

By\u0142 jednym z 20 pilot\u00f3w radzieckich si\u0142 powietrznych wybranych do pierwszej grupy szkoleniowej kosmonaut\u00f3w w 1960 r.[9] Podobnie jak wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 kosmonaut\u00f3w, Leonow by\u0142 cz\u0142onkiem Komunistycznej Partii Zwi\u0105zku Radzieckiego. Jego spacer w kosmosie mia\u0142 pierwotnie odby\u0107 si\u0119 podczas misji Voskhod 1, ale zosta\u0142a ona odwo\u0142ana, a historyczne wydarzenie mia\u0142o miejsce podczas lotu Voskhod 2[10]. 18 marca 1965 r. przebywa\u0142 poza statkiem kosmicznym przez 12 minut i dziewi\u0119\u0107 sekund, po\u0142\u0105czony z jednostk\u0105 za pomoc\u0105 uwi\u0119zi o d\u0142ugo\u015bci 4,8 metra (16 st\u00f3p)[9].[Pod koniec spaceru kosmicznego skafander Leonowa napompowa\u0142 si\u0119 w pr\u00f3\u017cni kosmicznej do tego stopnia, \u017ce nie m\u00f3g\u0142 on ponownie wej\u015b\u0107 do \u015bluzy powietrznej.[9] Otworzy\u0142 zaw\u00f3r, aby umo\u017cliwi\u0107 upuszczenie cz\u0119\u015bci ci\u015bnienia ze skafandra i ledwo by\u0142 w stanie wr\u00f3ci\u0107 do kapsu\u0142y.[9][11] Leonow sp\u0119dzi\u0142 osiemna\u015bcie miesi\u0119cy na treningu w stanie niewa\u017cko\u015bci przed misj\u0105.<\/p>

By\u0142 jednym z 20 pilot\u00f3w radzieckich si\u0142 powietrznych wybranych do pierwszej grupy szkoleniowej kosmonaut\u00f3w w 1960 roku. Jego spacer w kosmosie mia\u0142 pierwotnie odby\u0107 si\u0119 podczas misji Voskhod 1, ale zosta\u0142a ona odwo\u0142ana, a historyczne wydarzenie mia\u0142o miejsce podczas lotu Voskhod 2.<\/p>

18 marca 1965 r. zosta\u0142 pierwsz\u0105 osob\u0105, kt\u00f3ra przeprowadzi\u0142a spacer kosmiczny, wychodz\u0105c z kapsu\u0142y podczas misji Voskhod 2 na 12 minut i 9 sekund, po\u0142\u0105czony ze statkiem 4,8-metrow\u0105 uwi\u0119zi\u0105. Pod koniec spaceru kosmicznego skafander Leonowa napompowa\u0142 si\u0119 w pr\u00f3\u017cni kosmicznej do tego stopnia, \u017ce nie m\u00f3g\u0142 on ponownie wej\u015b\u0107 do \u015bluzy powietrznej. Otworzy\u0142 zaw\u00f3r, aby umo\u017cliwi\u0107 upuszczenie cz\u0119\u015bci ci\u015bnienia z kombinezonu i ledwo by\u0142 w stanie wr\u00f3ci\u0107 do kapsu\u0142y. Leonov sp\u0119dzi\u0142 osiemna\u015bcie miesi\u0119cy na szkoleniu w stanie niewa\u017cko\u015bci przed misj\u0105. Zosta\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wybrany na pierwsz\u0105 radzieck\u0105 osob\u0119, kt\u00f3ra wyl\u0105duje na Ksi\u0119\u017cycu, jednak projekt zosta\u0142 anulowany.<\/p>

Drug\u0105 podr\u00f3\u017c w kosmos Leonow odby\u0142 jako dow\u00f3dca Sojuza 19, radzieckiej po\u0142owy misji Apollo-Sojuz z 1975 roku, kt\u00f3ra zadokowa\u0142a w kosmosie na dwa dni z ameryka\u0144sk\u0105 kapsu\u0142\u0105 Apollo - by\u0142a to pierwsza wsp\u00f3lna misja kosmiczna Zwi\u0105zku Radzieckiego i Stan\u00f3w Zjednoczonych. W latach 1976-1982 Leonow by\u0142 dow\u00f3dc\u0105 zespo\u0142u kosmonaut\u00f3w (\"Chief Cosmonaut\") i zast\u0119pc\u0105 dyrektora Centrum Szkolenia Kosmonaut\u00f3w im. Jurija Gagarina, gdzie nadzorowa\u0142 szkolenie za\u0142ogi. Redagowa\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c biuletyn kosmonaut\u00f3w \"Neptun\". Przeszed\u0142 na emerytur\u0119 w 1992 roku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/span>Ludzie w kosmosie<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aleksander Arkhipovich Leonov was born on 30 May 1934 in Listvyanka, West Siberian Krai, Russian SFSR. His father was an electrician and miner. Leonov was a Russian cosmonaut, Air Force…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-54211","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nAleksander Leonow - Stargaze<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/pl\/aleksander-leonow\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aleksander Leonow - Stargaze\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aleksander Arkhipovich Leonov was born on 30 May 1934 in Listvyanka, West Siberian Krai, Russian SFSR. His father was an electrician and miner. 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