{"id":54255,"date":"2025-10-23T12:54:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:54:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?page_id=54255"},"modified":"2026-01-24T13:45:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T12:45:21","slug":"skylab","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/pl\/skylab\/","title":{"rendered":"Skylab"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"54255\" class=\"elementor elementor-54255\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be57438 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"be57438\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7eb09bc sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7eb09bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e18cff sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e18cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"707\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54714\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-768x530.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1536x1061.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-2048x1414.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-370x256.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-840x580.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-410x283.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-730x504.jpg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-231183a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"231183a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d21a6f9 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d21a6f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f959c72 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f959c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab<\/b> (skr\u00f3t od <i data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"18\">Sky Laboratory<\/i>) - ameryka\u0144ska stacja kosmiczna dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca od 14 maja 1973 roku do 11 lipca 1979 roku.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"2\">Celem umieszczenia laboratorium na orbicie by\u0142o udowodnienie mo\u017cliwo\u015bci przetrwania cz\u0142owieka przez d\u0142u\u017cszy czas w przestrzeni kosmicznej. Mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 przeprowadzenia eksperymentu pojawi\u0142a si\u0119 po tym, jak NASA anulowa\u0142a kolejne misje Apollo i zdecydowa\u0142a si\u0119 wykorzysta\u0107 sprz\u0119t do projektu Skylab.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-180e06a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"180e06a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5c96b3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c5c96b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9da843 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f9da843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"809\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1024x809.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54711\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1024x809.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-768x607.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1536x1214.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-370x292.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-840x664.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-410x324.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-730x577.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56f7035 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"56f7035\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc0ce7b sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cc0ce7b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04bb112 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04bb112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Aparatura naukowa<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Monta\u017c teleskopu Apollo (ATM)<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Koronagraf<\/b><span class=\"\"> (specjalny teleskop do obserwacji korony s\u0142onecznej)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Spektrograf rentgenowski<\/b><span class=\"\"> (do badania widma s\u0142onecznego promieniowania rentgenowskiego, kt\u00f3re nie dociera do powierzchni Ziemi)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Spektroheliometr<\/b><span class=\"\"> (do badania widma promieniowania s\u0142onecznego)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Teleskop rentgenowski<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Dwa spektrografy ultrafioletowe<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Dwa teleskopy s\u0142oneczne<\/b><span class=\"\"> obserwacja w <\/span><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"H\\alpha\" data-index-in-node=\"38\">$H\\alfa$<\/span><span class=\"\"> linia widmowa (d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 fali <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"75\">656 nm<\/b><span class=\"\">)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,0\"><span class=\"\">Oddzielny zestaw instrument\u00f3w obserwacyjnych o nazwie <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"48\">EREP (Pakiet Eksperyment\u00f3w z Zasobami Ziemi)<\/b><span class=\"\"> sk\u0142ada\u0142 si\u0119 z:<\/span><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Sze\u015b\u0107 kamer obserwacyjnych<\/b><span class=\"\"> (osiemna\u015bcie filtr\u00f3w) dla r\u00f3\u017cnych pasm spektralnych<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Spektroskop podczerwieni<\/b><span class=\"\"> - kamera,<\/span><span class=\"\"> system ko\u0142a filtruj\u0105cego,<\/span><span class=\"\"> ch\u0142odnica kriogeniczna<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Wielospektralny spektroskop skanuj\u0105cy<\/b><span class=\"\"> - obrotowe lustro na <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"57\">6000 obr.<\/b><span class=\"\">,<\/span><span class=\"\"> 13 kana\u0142\u00f3w z <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"84\">Detektory HgCdTe<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Radiometr pasma L<\/b><span class=\"\"> w zakresie ok. <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"48\">21 cm<\/b><span class=\"\"> - System antenowy 1 m<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Radiometr mikrofalowy<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\"Telewizyjna\" skanuj\u0105ca kamera obserwacyjna<\/b><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"4\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Parametry stacji Skylab<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"5\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Projekt, adaptacja i budowa<\/b><span class=\"\"> przy u\u017cyciu element\u00f3w programu Apollo:<\/span><span class=\"\"> 1969-1973<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Masa startowa<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"13\">88,830 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Masa na orbicie satelity<\/b><span class=\"\"> (ze statkiem kosmicznym Apollo):<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"50\">91,030 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Masa komponent\u00f3w<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Apollo<\/b><span class=\"\"> (+ masa paliwa 2300 kg):<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"36\">14 000 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Obserwatorium astronomiczne ATM<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"30\">11 100 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Adapter dokuj\u0105cy MDA<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"21\">6,200 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">AM Airlock<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"12\">22,230 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Jednostka instrumentu IU<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"20\">2,060 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li class=\"animating\"><p class=\"animating\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Warsztaty orbitalne OWS<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"22\">35,380 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"animating\"><p data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Pojemno\u015b\u0107 stacji<\/b>: og\u00f3\u0142em <b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\">369 m\u00b3<\/b>u\u017cyteczny <b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"39\">324 m\u00b3<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Ca\u0142kowita d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107<\/b>: <b data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"14\">36.2 m<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Rozpi\u0119to\u015b\u0107 skrzyde\u0142<\/b>: <b data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"10\">27 m<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Energia elektryczna<\/b>: nominalny <b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\">22,9 kW<\/b>rzeczywisty <b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"40\">16,7 kW<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Atmosfera<\/b>tlen (72%) + azot (28%), ci\u015bnienie <b data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\" data-index-in-node=\"52\">0,34 atm<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Stabilizacja<\/b>System z trzema ko\u0142ami zamachowymi, ka\u017cde <b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"49\">181 kg<\/b>, <b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"57\">9000 obr.<\/b>o\u015b <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"Z \\pm 10''\" data-index-in-node=\"72\">$Z \\pm 10\"$<\/span>osie <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"X\" data-index-in-node=\"89\">$X$<\/span> oraz <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"Y \\pm 2.5''\" data-index-in-node=\"95\">$Y \\pm 2,5\"$<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6008e13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6008e13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f196e3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7f196e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7699b7 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7699b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">O\u015b czasu programu Skylab<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-1<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">Stacja Skylab zosta\u0142a wystrzelona 14 maja 1973 roku przy u\u017cyciu rakiety no\u015bnej Saturn INT-21.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">Problemy techniczne pojawi\u0142y si\u0119 zaraz po starcie w postaci silnych wibracji.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">Sze\u015b\u0107dziesi\u0105t trzy sekundy po starcie os\u0142ona mikrometeoroidowa laboratorium i jeden z paneli s\u0142onecznych zosta\u0142y oderwane.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">Zanieczyszczenia z os\u0142ony zablokowa\u0142y przeciwleg\u0142y panel s\u0142oneczny, uniemo\u017cliwiaj\u0105c jego automatyczne uruchomienie po osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu orbity.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">Aby poradzi\u0107 sobie z problemami z zasilaniem, stacja manewrowa\u0142a na orbicie, aby skierowa\u0107 panele s\u0142oneczne modu\u0142u ATM w stron\u0119 S\u0142o\u0144ca.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,5,0\">Jednak to ustawienie spowodowa\u0142o, \u017ce laboratorium, pozbawione os\u0142ony, nagrza\u0142o si\u0119 do ponad 180\u00b0C.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,6,0\">Stacja nie zosta\u0142a przestawiona do czasu wys\u0142ania misji SL-2 w celu obni\u017cenia temperatury w tym module.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-2<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas trwania lotu<\/b>: 25 maja - 22 czerwca 1973; 28 dni, 49 min.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Za\u0142oga<\/b>: Charles Conrad - dow\u00f3dca, Paul Weitz, Joseph Kerwin.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Liczba orbit Ziemi<\/b>: 404.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas sp\u0119dzony poza stacj\u0105<\/b>: 5,7 godziny.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z ATM<\/b>: 30,242.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z EREP<\/b>: 8,886.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9aac8ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"9aac8ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ad1924 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"3ad1924\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84bdf4a sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"84bdf4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54709\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3.jpg 512w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-370x246.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-410x273.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8697c68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"8697c68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-28444d6 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"28444d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700d11b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"700d11b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">O\u015b czasu programu Skylab (ci\u0105g dalszy)<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Szczeg\u00f3\u0142y misji SL-2<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">Pierwsza misja za\u0142ogowa zosta\u0142a pocz\u0105tkowo op\u00f3\u017aniona o 10 dni z powodu problem\u00f3w technicznych.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">W tym czasie specjali\u015bci NASA przygotowali plan pilnych napraw.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">Misja rozpocz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 25 maja 1973 roku i trwa\u0142a 28 dni i 50 minut.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">Za\u0142oga sk\u0142ada\u0142a si\u0119 z Charlesa Conrada (dow\u00f3dca), Paula Weitza (pilot) i Josepha Kerwina (naukowiec).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">Dokonano niezb\u0119dnych napraw, w tym os\u0142oni\u0119to laboratorium \"parasolem\" i obni\u017cono temperatur\u0119 wewn\u0119trzn\u0105 do poziomu <b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"127\">24\u00b0C<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-3<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas trwania lotu<\/b>: 28 lipca - 25 wrze\u015bnia 1973 r.; 59 dni, 11 godzin, 9 minut.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Za\u0142oga<\/b>: Alan Bean (dow\u00f3dca), Jack Lousma, Owen Garriott.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Liczba orbit Ziemi<\/b>: 858.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas sp\u0119dzony poza stacj\u0105<\/b>: 13,7 godz.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z ATM<\/b>: 77,600.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z EREP<\/b>: 14,400.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b262c3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b262c3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a75622 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"1a75622\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00e95b3 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00e95b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"469\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-1024x469.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54708\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-1024x469.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-768x352.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-370x169.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-840x385.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-410x188.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-730x334.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2.jpg 1278w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ce8997 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"5ce8997\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36a3843 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"36a3843\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f5b30 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66f5b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">O\u015b czasu programu Skylab (ci\u0105g dalszy)<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Szczeg\u00f3\u0142y misji SL-3<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">Misja rozpocz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 28 lipca 1973 roku i trwa\u0142a 59 dni, 11 godzin i 9 minut.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">Za\u0142oga sk\u0142ada\u0142a si\u0119 z Alana Beana (dow\u00f3dca), Jacka Lousmy (pilot) i Owena Garriotta (naukowiec specjalizuj\u0105cy si\u0119 w fizyce jonosfery).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">Po przybyciu na miejsce sprawdzili baz\u0119 z zewn\u0105trz, a nast\u0119pnie weszli do Skylaba, aby kontynuowa\u0107 wcze\u015bniejsze badania.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">6 sierpnia Lousma i Garriott wykonali EVA, aby zainstalowa\u0107 odpowiedni ekran ochronny, kt\u00f3ry skutecznie obni\u017cy\u0142 temperatur\u0119 wewn\u0119trzn\u0105 do <b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"144\">21\u00b0C<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">Za\u0142oga sp\u0119dzi\u0142a 305 godzin na obserwacjach S\u0142o\u0144ca, rejestruj\u0105c wiele rozb\u0142ysk\u00f3w s\u0142onecznych w okresie wysokiej aktywno\u015bci s\u0142onecznej.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,5,0\">Badania zasob\u00f3w Ziemi przeprowadzono w Europie Zachodniej, Japonii, Australii, Afryce Zachodniej i obu Amerykach.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,6,0\">Obserwacje obejmowa\u0142y zagro\u017cenia lawinowe w Szwajcarii, skutki trz\u0119sienia ziemi w Meksyku i zanieczyszczenie atmosfery w Niemczech Zachodnich.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,7,0\">Eksperymenty biologiczne przynios\u0142y mieszane wyniki: eksperymentalne myszy i muszki owocowe umiera\u0142y, a ryby z trudem przystosowywa\u0142y si\u0119 do zerowej grawitacji.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,8,0\">Dwa paj\u0105ki, o imionach Anita i Arabella, z powodzeniem przystosowa\u0142y si\u0119 i zacz\u0119\u0142y tka\u0107 odpowiednie sieci (projekt zaproponowany przez 17-letni\u0105 studentk\u0119 Judith Miles).<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-4<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas trwania lotu<\/b>: 16 listopada 1973 - 8 lutego 1974; 84 dni, 1 godzina, 14 minut.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Za\u0142oga<\/b>: Gerald Carr (dow\u00f3dca), William Pogue, Edward Gibson.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Liczba orbit Ziemi<\/b>: 1214.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Czas sp\u0119dzony poza stacj\u0105<\/b>22,3 godziny.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z ATM<\/b>: 75,000.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cia z EREP<\/b>: 17,000.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 data-path-to-node=\"4\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0141\u0105czne wyniki i niepowodzenia programu Skylab<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"5\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Program \u0141\u0105cznie<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0141\u0105czny pobyt dla 3 za\u0142\u00f3g<\/b>: 171 dni, 13 godzin, 14 minut.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Ca\u0142kowita liczba orbit Ziemi<\/b>: 2476.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Ca\u0142kowity czas sp\u0119dzony poza stacj\u0105 (EVA)<\/b>: 41,7 godz.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0141\u0105czna liczba zdj\u0119\u0107 z bankomatu<\/b>: 182,842.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0141\u0105cznie zdj\u0119cia z EREP<\/b>: 40,286.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Powa\u017cne awarie<\/b><\/p><ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0,0\">Oderwanie si\u0119 mikrometeoroidu i os\u0142ony termicznej OWS podczas startu, co spowodowa\u0142o przegrzanie stacji i zmniejszenie mocy elektrycznej o ponad <b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"154\">6 kW<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,1,0\">Zak\u0142\u00f3cenia w systemie stabilizacji (\u017cyroskopy).<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c79eb7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c79eb7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd2fb39 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"fd2fb39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-552f65b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"552f65b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1018\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1018x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54716\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1018x1024.jpg 1018w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-768x772.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1527x1536.jpg 1527w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-370x372.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-840x845.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-410x412.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-730x734.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1018px) 100vw, 1018px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6698803 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6698803\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5e4aa sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4f5e4aa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a6771c sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a6771c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Misja SL-4<\/b><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"2\">Misja rozpocz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 16 listopada 1973 roku i trwa\u0142a 84 dni, 1 godzin\u0119 i 16 minut. Za\u0142oga sk\u0142ada\u0142a si\u0119 z Geralda Carra (dow\u00f3dca), Williama Pogue'a (pilot) i Edwarda Gibsona (pilot\/naukowiec-fizyk). Pierwotnie misja mia\u0142a trwa\u0107 59 dni, ale ostatecznie zdecydowano, \u017ce potrwa 84 dni. Nowa za\u0142oga pracowa\u0142a powoli i bez entuzjazmu, stale sp\u00f3\u017ania\u0142a si\u0119 z wykonywaniem zada\u0144 i anga\u017cowa\u0142a si\u0119 w konflikty z kontrol\u0105 naziemn\u0105, gdy nak\u0142aniano j\u0105 do wydajniejszej pracy. Co ciekawe, pomimo mniejszego zaanga\u017cowania w wykonywane zadania, byli oni w znacznie lepszej kondycji fizycznej ni\u017c ich poprzednicy. Mimo to zrealizowali zaplanowany program badawczy i zebrali ogromn\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 informacji naukowych. Wykonali cztery EVA: 22 listopada przez 6 godzin i 34 minuty, 25 grudnia przez 7 godzin i 3 minuty, 29 grudnia przez 3 godziny i 29 minut i wreszcie 3 lutego przez 5 godzin i 19 minut.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Bardzo wa\u017cnym efektem ich pracy by\u0142o przeprowadzenie bada\u0144 nad rozb\u0142yskami s\u0142onecznymi oraz zaobserwowanie i sfotografowanie komety Kohoutek przy u\u017cyciu pi\u0119ciu r\u00f3\u017cnych instrument\u00f3w. Astronauci fotografowali j\u0105 w \u015bwietle widzialnym i ultrafioletowym podczas pobyt\u00f3w poza baz\u0105. Gdy kometa zbli\u017ca\u0142a si\u0119 do S\u0142o\u0144ca, obserwowali j\u0105 przez teleskopy przeznaczone do bada\u0144 S\u0142o\u0144ca. \u0141\u0105cznie wykonano 75 000 zdj\u0119\u0107 komety i S\u0142o\u0144ca. Badania utrudnia\u0142 niedob\u00f3r energii elektrycznej spowodowany pogarszaj\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 orientacj\u0105 paneli s\u0142onecznych wzgl\u0119dem S\u0142o\u0144ca, spowodowany wyczerpywaniem si\u0119 zapas\u00f3w azotu u\u017cywanego do dysz p\u0119dnik\u00f3w. Astronauci powr\u00f3cili na Ziemi\u0119 8 lutego 1974 roku. Po powrocie na Ziemi\u0119 okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce byli o 2 cm wy\u017csi.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"5\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Budowa stacji<\/b><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"6\">Do budowy stacji wykorzystano rakiet\u0119 Saturn V. Kad\u0142ub stacji zosta\u0142 wykonany z jej trzeciego stopnia, S-IVB, podczas gdy dwa pierwsze stopnie, S-IC i S-II, zosta\u0142y zmontowane w dwustopniowej rakiecie no\u015bnej Saturn INT-21. Kad\u0142ub S-IVB mia\u0142 \u015brednic\u0119 6,6 m, d\u0142ugo\u015b\u0107 14,6 m i by\u0142 podzielony poprzeczn\u0105 przegrod\u0105 na dwa zbiorniki: wi\u0119kszy na ciek\u0142y wod\u00f3r i mniejszy (dolny) na ciek\u0142y tlen. Dolny zbiornik, pozostawiony bez zmian, przeznaczony by\u0142 na odpady (deponowane przez specjaln\u0105 \u015bluz\u0119 powietrzn\u0105), natomiast g\u00f3rny podzielony by\u0142 na dwa pi\u0119tra. Dolne pi\u0119tro, o wysoko\u015bci 2 m, przeznaczono na pomieszczenia mieszkalne i gospodarcze, a drugie, o wysoko\u015bci 6 m, na laboratoria. Ka\u017cde z tych pi\u0119ter by\u0142o dalej podzielone na wiele mniejszych pomieszcze\u0144. Ca\u0142a konstrukcja mia\u0142a obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 292 m\u00b3 i, z kompletnym wyposa\u017ceniem, mas\u0119 35 400 kg.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e66236f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"e66236f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4c7f90 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b4c7f90\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba669a2 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba669a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54712\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa.jpg 500w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-370x298.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-410x330.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e9e67c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"0e9e67c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2531d73 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"2531d73\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d3e703 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d3e703\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Do stabilizacji struktury tlenku cyrkonu wykorzystano 17% u\u0142amka masowego tlenku itru (Y\u2082O\u2083), kt\u00f3ry wykazuje najwy\u017csz\u0105 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 spo\u015br\u00f3d badanych pr\u00f3bek. Najwy\u017csz\u0105 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 osi\u0105gni\u0119to dzi\u0119ki zastosowaniu proszku w nanoskali, kt\u00f3ry po spiekaniu w temperaturze 1600\u00b0C osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0142 5,97 g\/cm\u00b3 (96,5% g\u0119sto\u015bci teoretycznej). Materia\u0142 wykazuje nisk\u0105 porowato\u015b\u0107 wynosz\u0105c\u0105 3,5%, a \u015bredni rozmiar ziarna wynosi 0,55 \u00b5m.<\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Uzyskany materia\u0142 wykazuje dobry zestaw w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci funkcjonalnych. Modu\u0142 Younga wynosi 209 GPa, a twardo\u015b\u0107 780 HV10. Materia\u0142 wykazuje r\u00f3wnie\u017c wysok\u0105 odporno\u015b\u0107 na p\u0119kanie wynosz\u0105c\u0105 1,7 MPa\u221am. Otrzymany materia\u0142 wykazuje odporno\u015b\u0107 na starzenie hydrotermiczne - po 25-godzinnej ekspozycji w \u015brodowisku pary wodnej 134\u00b0C\/2bar przemiana fazowa nie przekroczy\u0142a 24%.<\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">Materia\u0142 zosta\u0142 poddany szczeg\u00f3\u0142owym testom tribologicznym. Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik tarcia wzgl\u0119dem tlenku glinu wynosi 0,28, a wzgl\u0119dem stali 0,35. Podczas test\u00f3w nie zaobserwowano przenoszenia materia\u0142u na przeciwpr\u00f3bk\u0119. Wsp\u00f3\u0142czynnik zu\u017cycia wynosi 3,5\u00d710-\u2076 mm\u00b3\/Nm dla tlenku glinu i 1,00\u00d710-\u2075 mm\u00b3\/Nm dla stali.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"1\">Do komunikacji z Ziemi\u0105 wykorzystano 15 nadajnik\u00f3w i 5 odbiornik\u00f3w pracuj\u0105cych w pasmach 230-450 MHz i 2100-2270 MHz. Kamery telewizyjne pracowa\u0142y w systemie 525 linii. Do zmiany orientacji i stabilizacji wykorzystywano 6 silnik\u00f3w zasilanych spr\u0119\u017conym azotem oraz trzy \u017cyroskopy. Dodatkowo teleskop posiada\u0142 w\u0142asny system orientacji o dok\u0142adno\u015bci oko\u0142o 10\u2033. W bazie umieszczono sprz\u0119t do \u0107wicze\u0144 gimnastycznych, bada\u0144 biomedycznych i eksperyment\u00f3w materia\u0142oznawczych (topienie i spawanie metali, odlewanie i krystalizacja materia\u0142\u00f3w).<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"2\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Zako\u0144czenie programu<\/b><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Planowano utrzymanie Skylaba na orbicie przez co najmniej kolejne osiem lat i wysy\u0142anie do niego prom\u00f3w kosmicznych. W tym celu przeprowadzono zdalne testy: stacj\u0119 umieszczono na stabilnej orbicie, a nast\u0119pnie wy\u0142\u0105czono wszystkie systemy. Jesieni\u0105 1977 roku okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce zwi\u0119kszona aktywno\u015b\u0107 s\u0142oneczna i zwi\u0105zana z ni\u0105 ekspansja atmosfery spowodowa\u0142y szybszy ni\u017c przewidywano rozpad orbity. NASA nie mia\u0142a mo\u017cliwo\u015bci wyniesienia stacji Skylab na wy\u017csz\u0105 orbit\u0119, poniewa\u017c program Apollo dobieg\u0142 ko\u0144ca, a misje wahad\u0142owc\u00f3w jeszcze si\u0119 nie rozpocz\u0119\u0142y. Stacja wesz\u0142a w g\u0119ste warstwy atmosfery 11 lipca 1979 roku, a jej szcz\u0105tki spad\u0142y do Oceanu Indyjskiego i Australii Zachodniej, mi\u0119dzy miastami Esperance i Rawlinna. Najwi\u0119kszy fragment, wa\u017c\u0105cy oko\u0142o 500 kg, spad\u0142 na pewn\u0105 farm\u0119 900 km na wsch\u00f3d od Perth. Wiele element\u00f3w stacji (np. szereg zbiornik\u00f3w) przetrwa\u0142o upadek z kosmosu na Ziemi\u0119 nadspodziewanie dobrze. Na szcz\u0119\u015bcie obszar ten by\u0142 stosunkowo s\u0142abo zaludniony, a jedyn\u0105 ofiar\u0105 katastrofy by\u0142a australijska krowa. Do czasu zniszczenia stacja Skylab okr\u0105\u017cy\u0142a Ziemi\u0119 34 981 razy i przeby\u0142a dystans oko\u0142o p\u00f3\u0142tora miliarda kilometr\u00f3w. Okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce podczas dezintegracji stacja by\u0142a poddawana mniejszym napr\u0119\u017ceniom termicznym i aerodynamicznym ni\u017c oczekiwano; w zwi\u0105zku z tym dezintegracja nast\u0105pi\u0142a 16 km ni\u017cej ni\u017c przewidywano. Wymiary elipsy \u015bladu szcz\u0105tk\u00f3w r\u00f3wnie\u017c okaza\u0142y si\u0119 znacznie mniejsze ni\u017c oczekiwano, mierz\u0105c 64 na 3860 km.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b45416f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b45416f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c49050 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4c49050\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ffa9ce sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ffa9ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"615\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54717\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top.jpg 615w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-370x180.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-410x200.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 615px) 100vw, 615px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae835ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"ae835ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d83b23c sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d83b23c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f6c72c sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f6c72c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"1\">Kr\u00f3tko przed startem stacji Skylab, NASA planowa\u0142a r\u00f3wnie\u017c wys\u0142anie w 1975 lub 1976 roku drugiego modu\u0142u o nazwie Skylab B, kt\u00f3ry mia\u0142 s\u0142u\u017cy\u0107 jako dodatek do misji Sojuz-Apollo (International Skylab), a nast\u0119pnie zosta\u0107 rozbudowany przez prom kosmiczny do stacji orbitalnej (Advanced Skylab); jednak z powodu braku funduszy start Skylab B zosta\u0142 odwo\u0142any, a sam kad\u0142ub stacji zosta\u0142 przekazany do muzeum w 1976 roku.<\/p><h2 data-path-to-node=\"2\">Podsumowanie<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Eksperymenty przeprowadzone na pok\u0142adzie stacji dotyczy\u0142y g\u0142\u00f3wnie astronomii (24%), rozpoznania powierzchni Ziemi (48%), in\u017cynierii i technologii (10%) oraz medycyny i biologii (10%). Badania te zako\u0144czy\u0142y si\u0119 sukcesem. By\u0142y one wynikiem zar\u00f3wno starannego przygotowania sprz\u0119tu i eksperyment\u00f3w, jak i doskona\u0142o\u015bci technologii, organizacji pracy i dzia\u0142a\u0144 samych astronaut\u00f3w. Uzyskano wa\u017cne informacje w dziedzinie fizyki, materia\u0142oznawstwa i technologii otrzymywania produkt\u00f3w o istotnym znaczeniu przemys\u0142owym. Pomy\u015blnie zako\u0144czono r\u00f3wnie\u017c badania medyczne i biologiczne. Je\u015bli chodzi o astronomi\u0119, badania dotyczy\u0142y S\u0142o\u0144ca. Ka\u017cdy z instrument\u00f3w znajduj\u0105cych si\u0119 na stacji by\u0142 wcze\u015bniej wykorzystywany w satelitach. Na przyk\u0142ad koronograf \u015bwiat\u0142a bia\u0142ego znajdowa\u0142 si\u0119 na pok\u0142adzie satelity astronomicznego OSO 7 w 1971 roku, a wcze\u015bniej na rakietach i balonach stratosferycznych. Jednak na Skylabie instrumenty by\u0142y wi\u0119ksze i znacznie ulepszone. Sze\u015b\u0107 g\u0142\u00f3wnych instrument\u00f3w mia\u0142o oko\u0142o trzech metr\u00f3w d\u0142ugo\u015bci, a ich \u0142\u0105czna masa wynosi\u0142a ponad ton\u0119. Stabilno\u015b\u0107 obserwatorium astronomicznego ATM by\u0142a por\u00f3wnywalna do stabilno\u015bci instrument\u00f3w umieszczonych na powierzchni Ziemi (czasami lepsza ni\u017c jedna sekunda). Przy braku atmosfery osi\u0105gni\u0119to rozdzielczo\u015b\u0107 przestrzenn\u0105 i spektraln\u0105, kt\u00f3ra by\u0142a czasami o rz\u0119dy wielko\u015bci lepsza w por\u00f3wnaniu z poprzednimi osi\u0105gni\u0119ciami. Jednocze\u015bnie badania prowadzone na stacji by\u0142y wspierane przez r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142e obserwacje na powierzchni naszej planety za po\u015brednictwem centrali w Johnson Space Center w Houston.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49fa9cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"49fa9cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44f5627 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"44f5627\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c59d298 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c59d298\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54770\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1290x725.jpg 1290w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-840x473.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-410x231.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-730x411.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-270x152.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-29626d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"29626d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf35716 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"bf35716\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2d1053 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2d1053\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"2\">Podczas dziewi\u0119ciu miesi\u0119cy dzia\u0142ania Skylab napotka\u0142 wiele z\u0142o\u017conych problem\u00f3w technicznych, kt\u00f3re zagrozi\u0142y ca\u0142emu programowi. Jednocze\u015bnie ta pierwsza ameryka\u0144ska stacja kosmiczna sta\u0142a si\u0119 s\u0142awna jako prawdziwe laboratorium orbituj\u0105ce wok\u00f3\u0142 Ziemi. Podczas 3 896 orbit trzy za\u0142ogi, kt\u00f3re odwiedzi\u0142y Skylab, potwierdzi\u0142y, \u017ce przestrze\u0144 kosmiczna mo\u017ce stworzy\u0107 now\u0105, unikaln\u0105 jako\u015b\u0107 dla bada\u0144 naukowych i technologicznych, a tak\u017ce zmieni\u0107 spos\u00f3b, w jaki patrzymy na Ziemi\u0119 i nasz Wszech\u015bwiat. Podczas pobytu na stacji astronauci przebyli \u0142\u0105cznie oko\u0142o 115 milion\u00f3w kilometr\u00f3w w ci\u0105gu 171 dni sp\u0119dzonych na pok\u0142adzie. Dziewi\u0119ciu cz\u0142onk\u00f3w za\u0142ogi wysz\u0142o w przestrze\u0144 kosmiczn\u0105 dziesi\u0119\u0107 razy, sp\u0119dzaj\u0105c poza stacj\u0105 ponad 42 godziny. W tym czasie dokonywali napraw, konserwacji, zbierali zestawy eksperymentalne i kanistry filmowe z teleskop\u00f3w oraz fotografowali obiekty niebieskie. Przeprowadzili eksperymenty w r\u00f3\u017cnych dziedzinach trwaj\u0105ce ponad dwa tysi\u0105ce godzin. Jednocze\u015bnie udowodnili, \u017ce ludzie mog\u0105 bezpiecznie przystosowa\u0107 si\u0119 do \u017cycia i d\u0142ugotrwa\u0142ej pracy w warunkach mikrograwitacji w przestrzeni kosmicznej.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Poniewa\u017c prace nad promem kosmicznym by\u0142y ju\u017c zaawansowane, istnia\u0142a mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107, \u017ce wahad\u0142owiec dotrze do Skylaba podczas swoich pierwszych lot\u00f3w i wyniesie go na wy\u017csz\u0105 orbit\u0119, co pozwoli\u0142oby na odzyskanie wynik\u00f3w kilku eksperyment\u00f3w i by\u0107 mo\u017ce umieszczenie na stacji kilku kolejnych za\u0142\u00f3g. Plany promu kosmicznego uleg\u0142y jednak zmianie, co spowodowa\u0142o, \u017ce te i inne pomys\u0142y na uratowanie stacji zosta\u0142y porzucone - zmniejszaj\u0105ca si\u0119 odleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 od Ziemi stopniowo przybli\u017ca\u0142a Skylaba do nieuchronnego wej\u015bcia w ziemsk\u0105 atmosfer\u0119.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd836ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"fd836ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c85545 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4c85545\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c116b6e sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_button\" data-id=\"c116b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\tclass=\"sc_item_button sc_button_wrap\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/pl\/space-stations\/\" class=\"sc_button sc_button_default sc_button_size_normal sc_button_with_icon sc_button_icon_left\" ><span class=\"sc_button_icon\"><span class=\"icon-reply\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"sc_button_text\"><span class=\"sc_button_title\">Stacje kosmiczne<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Skylab (short for Sky Laboratory) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979. The purpose of placing the laboratory in orbit was to&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-54255","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Skylab - Stargaze<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/pl\/skylab\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Skylab - Stargaze\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Skylab (short for Sky Laboratory) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979. 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