{"id":54255,"date":"2025-10-23T12:54:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-23T10:54:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?page_id=54255"},"modified":"2026-01-24T13:45:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T12:45:21","slug":"skylab","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/skylab\/","title":{"rendered":"\u592a\u7a7a\u8231"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"54255\" class=\"elementor elementor-54255\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-be57438 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"be57438\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7eb09bc sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7eb09bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e18cff sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e18cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"707\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54714\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-768x530.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1536x1061.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-2048x1414.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-370x256.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-840x580.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-410x283.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-730x504.jpg 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-231183a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"231183a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d21a6f9 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d21a6f9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f959c72 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f959c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u592a\u7a7a\u8231<\/b> (short for <i data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"18\">Sky Laboratory<\/i>) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"2\">The purpose of placing the laboratory in orbit was to prove the possibility of human survival for an extended period in outer space. The opportunities to conduct the experiment arose after NASA cancelled further Apollo missions and decided to use the equipment for the Skylab project.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-180e06a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"180e06a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5c96b3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c5c96b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9da843 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f9da843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"809\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1024x809.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54711\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1024x809.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-300x237.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-768x607.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-1536x1214.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-370x292.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-840x664.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-410x324.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci-730x577.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-astronauci.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56f7035 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"56f7035\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc0ce7b sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"cc0ce7b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04bb112 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04bb112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Scientific Apparatus<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM)<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Coronagraph<\/b><span class=\"\"> (special telescope for observing the solar corona)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">X-ray spectrograph<\/b><span class=\"\"> (for studying the spectrum of solar X-ray radiation that does not reach the Earth&#8217;s surface)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Spectroheliometer<\/b><span class=\"\"> (for studying the solar radiation spectrum)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">X-ray telescope<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Two ultraviolet spectrographs<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Two solar telescopes<\/b><span class=\"\"> observing in the <\/span><span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"H\\alpha\" data-index-in-node=\"38\">$H\\alpha$<\/span><span class=\"\"> spectral line (wavelength of <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"75\">656 nm<\/b><span class=\"\">)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,0\"><span class=\"\">A separate set of observation instruments named <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"48\">EREP (Earth Resources Experiments Package)<\/b><span class=\"\"> consisted of:<\/span><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Six observation cameras<\/b><span class=\"\"> (eighteen filters) for various spectral bands<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Infrared spectroscope<\/b><span class=\"\"> \u2013 camera,<\/span><span class=\"\"> filter wheel system,<\/span><span class=\"\"> cryogenic cooler<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Multispectral scanning spectroscope<\/b><span class=\"\"> \u2013 rotating mirror at <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"57\">6000 rpm<\/b><span class=\"\">,<\/span><span class=\"\"> 13 channels with <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"84\">HgCdTe detectors<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">L-band radiometer<\/b><span class=\"\"> in the range of approximately <\/span><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"48\">21 cm<\/b><span class=\"\"> \u2013 1 m antenna system<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Microwave radiometer<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"2,7,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">&#8220;Television&#8221; scanning observation camera<\/b><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"4\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab Station Parameters<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"5\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Project, adaptation, and construction<\/b><span class=\"\"> using Apollo program elements:<\/span><span class=\"\"> 1969\u20131973<\/span><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Launch mass<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"13\">88,830 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Mass in satellite orbit<\/b><span class=\"\"> (with Apollo spacecraft):<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"50\">91,030 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Mass of components<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Apollo<\/b><span class=\"\"> (+ propellant mass 2300 kg):<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"36\">14,000 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">ATM Astronomical Observatory<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"30\">11,100 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">MDA Docking Adapter<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"21\">6,200 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">AM Airlock<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"12\">22,230 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">IU Instrument Unit<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"20\">2,060 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><li class=\"animating\"><p class=\"animating\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\"><b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">OWS Orbital Workshop<\/b><span class=\"\">:<\/span> <b class=\"\" data-path-to-node=\"5,3,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"22\">35,380 kg<\/b><\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"animating\"><p data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Station capacity<\/b>: total <b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\">369 m\u00b3<\/b>, usable <b data-path-to-node=\"5,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"39\">324 m\u00b3<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total length<\/b>: <b data-path-to-node=\"5,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"14\">36.2 m<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Wingspan<\/b>: <b data-path-to-node=\"5,6,0\" data-index-in-node=\"10\">27 m<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Electric power<\/b>: nominal <b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"24\">22.9 kW<\/b>, actual <b data-path-to-node=\"5,7,0\" data-index-in-node=\"40\">16.7 kW<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Atmosphere<\/b>: oxygen (72%) + nitrogen (28%), pressure <b data-path-to-node=\"5,8,0\" data-index-in-node=\"52\">0.34 atm<\/b><\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Stabilization<\/b>: system with three flywheels, each <b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"49\">181 kg<\/b>, <b data-path-to-node=\"5,9,0\" data-index-in-node=\"57\">9000 rpm<\/b>; axis <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"Z \\pm 10''\" data-index-in-node=\"72\">$Z \\pm 10&#8221;$<\/span>, axes <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"X\" data-index-in-node=\"89\">$X$<\/span> \u548c <span class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"Y \\pm 2.5''\" data-index-in-node=\"95\">$Y \\pm 2.5&#8221;$<\/span><\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6008e13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6008e13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f196e3 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"7f196e3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7699b7 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7699b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab Program Timeline<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-1<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">The Skylab station was launched on May 14, 1973, using a Saturn INT-21 carrier rocket.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">Technical problems appeared immediately after launch in the form of heavy vibrations.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">Sixty-three seconds after launch, the laboratory&#8217;s micrometeoroid shield and one of the solar panels were torn away.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">Debris from the shield jammed the opposite solar panel, preventing its automatic deployment after reaching orbit.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">To manage power issues, the station maneuvered in orbit to point the solar panels of the ATM module toward the Sun.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,5,0\">However, this setting caused the laboratory, stripped of its shield, to heat up to over 180\u00b0C.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,6,0\">The station was not repositioned until the SL-2 mission was sent to reduce the temperature in that module.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-2<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Flight duration<\/b>: May 25 \u2013 June 22, 1973; 28 days, 49 min.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Crew<\/b>: Charles Conrad \u2013 Commander, Paul Weitz, Joseph Kerwin.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Number of Earth orbits<\/b>: 404.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Time spent outside the station<\/b>: 5.7 hours.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from ATM<\/b>: 30,242.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from EREP<\/b>: 8,886.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9aac8ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"9aac8ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ad1924 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"3ad1924\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84bdf4a sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"84bdf4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54709\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3.jpg 512w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-370x246.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-3-410x273.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8697c68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"8697c68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-28444d6 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"28444d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-700d11b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"700d11b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab Program Timeline (Continued)<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-2 Mission Details<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">The first crewed mission was initially delayed by 10 days due to technical problems.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">During this time, NASA specialists prepared a plan for urgent repairs.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">The mission began on May 25, 1973, and lasted 28 days and 50 minutes.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">The crew consisted of Charles Conrad (Commander), Paul Weitz (Pilot), and Joseph Kerwin (Scientist).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">Essential repairs were completed, including shielding the laboratory with a &#8220;parasol&#8221; and lowering its internal temperature to <b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"127\">24\u00b0C<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-3<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Flight duration<\/b>: July 28 \u2013 September 25, 1973; 59 days, 11 hours, 9 minutes.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Crew<\/b>: Alan Bean (Commander), Jack Lousma, Owen Garriott.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Number of Earth orbits<\/b>: 858.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Time spent outside the station<\/b>: 13.7 hours.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from ATM<\/b>: 77,600.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from EREP<\/b>: 14,400.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b262c3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b262c3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a75622 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"1a75622\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00e95b3 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00e95b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"469\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-1024x469.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54708\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-1024x469.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-768x352.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-370x169.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-840x385.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-410x188.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2-730x334.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-2.jpg 1278w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ce8997 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"5ce8997\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36a3843 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"36a3843\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f5b30 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66f5b30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab Program Timeline (Continued)<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"2\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-3 Mission Details<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,0,0\">The mission began on July 28, 1973, and lasted 59 days, 11 hours, and 9 minutes.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,1,0\">The crew consisted of Alan Bean (Commander), Jack Lousma (Pilot), and Owen Garriott (Scientist specializing in ionospheric physics).<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,2,0\">Upon arrival, they inspected the base from the outside before entering Skylab to continue previous research.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\">On August 6, Lousma and Garriott performed an EVA to install a proper protective screen, which successfully lowered the internal temperature to <b data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"144\">21\u00b0C<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,4,0\">The crew spent 305 hours on solar observations, capturing many solar flares during a period of high solar activity.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,5,0\">Earth resource studies were conducted over Western Europe, Japan, Australia, West Africa, and the Americas.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,6,0\">Observations included avalanche threats in Switzerland, earthquake effects in Mexico, and atmospheric pollution in West Germany.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,7,0\">Biological experiments had mixed results: experimental mice and fruit flies died, and fish struggled to adapt to zero gravity.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,0,1,8,0\">Two spiders, named Anita and Arabella, successfully adapted and began weaving proper webs (a project proposed by 17-year-old student Judith Miles).<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">SL-4<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Flight duration<\/b>: November 16, 1973 \u2013 February 8, 1974; 84 days, 1 hour, 14 minutes.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Crew<\/b>: Gerald Carr (Commander), William Pogue, Edward Gibson.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Number of Earth orbits<\/b>: 1214.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Time spent outside the station<\/b>: 22.3 hours.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from ATM<\/b>: 75,000.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2,1,1,5,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Photos from EREP<\/b>: 17,000.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h3 data-path-to-node=\"4\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Skylab Program Totals &amp; Failures<\/b><\/h3><ul data-path-to-node=\"5\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Program Totals<\/b><\/p><ul data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total stay for 3 crews<\/b>: 171 days, 13 hours, 14 minutes.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total Earth orbits<\/b>: 2476.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total time spent outside the station (EVAs)<\/b>: 41.7 hours.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total photos from ATM<\/b>: 182,842.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,4,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,0,1,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Total photos from EREP<\/b>: 40,286.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Major Failures<\/b><\/p><ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1\"><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0,0\">The tearing away of the micrometeoroid and thermal shield of the OWS during launch, causing the station to overheat and reducing electrical power by over <b data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"154\">6 kW<\/b>.<\/p><\/li><li><p data-path-to-node=\"5,1,1,1,0\">Disturbances in the stabilization system (gyroscopes).<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c79eb7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"c79eb7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd2fb39 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"fd2fb39\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-552f65b sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"552f65b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1018\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1018x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54716\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1018x1024.jpg 1018w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-768x772.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-1527x1536.jpg 1527w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-370x372.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-840x845.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-410x412.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x-730x734.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-x.jpg 1909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1018px) 100vw, 1018px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6698803 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"6698803\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f5e4aa sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4f5e4aa\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a6771c sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a6771c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"1\"><b data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Mission SL-4<\/b><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"2\">The mission began on November 16, 1973, and lasted 84 days, 1 hour, and 16 minutes. The crew consisted of Gerald Carr (Commander), William Pogue (Pilot), and Edward Gibson (Pilot\/Scientist-Physicist). Originally intended to last 59 days, it was ultimately decided that the mission would last 84 days. The new crew worked slowly and without enthusiasm, was constantly late in performing tasks, and became involved in conflicts with ground control when urged to work more efficiently. Interestingly, despite being less committed to their tasks, they were in significantly better physical condition than their predecessors. Nevertheless, they completed the planned research program and gathered a vast amount of scientific information. They performed four EVAs: November 22 for 6 hours and 34 minutes, December 25 for 7 hours and 3 minutes, December 29 for 3 hours and 29 minutes, and finally February 3 for 5 hours and 19 minutes.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">A very important result of their work was conducting research on solar flares and observing and photographing Comet Kohoutek using five different instruments. The astronauts photographed it in visible and ultraviolet light during their stays outside the base. While it approached the Sun, they observed it through telescopes designed for solar research. In total, they took 75,000 photographs of the comet and the Sun. Research was hindered by a shortage of electricity caused by worsening solar panel orientation toward the Sun, due to the depletion of nitrogen supplies used for the thruster nozzles. The astronauts returned to Earth on February 8, 1974. After returning to Earth, it turned out that they were 2 cm taller.<\/p><h3 data-path-to-node=\"5\"><b data-path-to-node=\"5\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Station Construction<\/b><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"6\">The Saturn V rocket was used for the construction of the station. The station&#8217;s hull was made from its third stage, the S-IVB, while the first two stages, the S-IC and S-II, were assembled into the two-stage Saturn INT-21 carrier rocket. The S-IVB hull had a diameter of 6.6 m, a length of 14.6 m, and was divided by a transverse partition into two tanks: a larger one for liquid hydrogen and a smaller (lower) one for liquid oxygen. The lower tank, left unchanged, was intended as a waste container (deposited through a special airlock), while the upper one was divided into two floors. The lower floor, 2 m high, was designated for living and utility quarters, and the second, 6 m high, was designated for laboratories. Each of these floors was further divided into many smaller rooms. The entire structure had a volume of 292 m\u00b3 and, with complete equipment, had a mass of 35,400 kg.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e66236f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"e66236f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4c7f90 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b4c7f90\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba669a2 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba669a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"403\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54712\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa.jpg 500w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-300x242.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-370x298.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-budowa-410x330.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e9e67c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"0e9e67c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2531d73 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"2531d73\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d3e703 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d3e703\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The 17% mass fraction of yttrium oxide (Y\u2082O\u2083) was used to stabilize the zirconia structure, which shows the highest density among the examined samples. The highest density was achieved thanks to the use of nanoscale powder, which after sintering at 1600\u00b0C reached 5.97 g\/cm\u00b3 (96.5% of theoretical density). The material exhibits low porosity of 3.5%, and the average grain size is 0.55 \u00b5m.<\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The material obtained shows a good set of functional properties. The Young&#8217;s modulus is 209 GPa, and the hardness is 780 HV10. The material also shows high fracture toughness of 1.7 MPa\u221am. The obtained material shows resistance to hydrothermal aging &#8211; after 25h exposure in an environment of 134\u00b0C\/2bar steam, the phase transformation did not exceed 24%.<\/p><p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">The material was subjected to detailed tribological tests. The coefficient of friction against alumina is 0.28, and against steel 0.35. During the tests, no material transfer to the counter-sample was observed. The wear coefficient is 3.5\u00d710\u207b\u2076 mm\u00b3\/Nm against alumina and 1.00\u00d710\u207b\u2075 mm\u00b3\/Nm against steel.\u200b<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"1\">For communication purposes with Earth, 15 transmitters and 5 receivers were used, operating in the 230\u2013450 MHz and 2100\u20132270 MHz bands. Television cameras operated in a 525-line system. For orientation and stabilization changes, 6 motors powered by compressed nitrogen and three gyroscopes were used. In addition, the telescope had its own orientation system with an accuracy of about 10&#8243;. Equipment for gymnastic exercises, biomedical research, and materials science experiments (melting and welding of metals, casting, and crystallization of materials) was placed in the base.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"2\"><b data-path-to-node=\"2\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Termination of the program<\/b><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">There were plans to maintain Skylab in orbit for at least the next eight years and to send space shuttles to it. For this purpose, remote tests were conducted: the station was placed in a stable orbit, and then all systems were turned off. In the fall of 1977, it turned out that increased solar activity and the associated expansion of the atmosphere caused a faster than predicted orbital decay. NASA had no way of boosting the Skylab station to a higher orbit because the Apollo program had ended, and the shuttle missions had not yet begun. The station entered the dense layers of the atmosphere on July 11, 1979, and its debris fell into the Indian Ocean and Western Australia, between the towns of Esperance and Rawlinna. The largest piece, weighing about 500 kg, fell on a certain farm 900 km east of Perth. Many elements of the station (e.g., a series of tanks) survived the fall from space to Earth unexpectedly well. Fortunately, this area was relatively sparsely populated, and the only victim of the disaster was an Australian cow. By the time of its destruction, the Skylab station had orbited the Earth 34,981 times and traveled a distance of about one and a half billion kilometers. It turned out that during disintegration, the station was subjected to lower thermal and aerodynamic stresses than expected; therefore, the disintegration occurred 16 km lower than anticipated. The dimensions of the debris footprint ellipse also turned out to be much smaller than expected, measuring 64 by 3860 km.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b45416f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"b45416f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c49050 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4c49050\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ffa9ce sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0ffa9ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"615\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54717\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top.jpg 615w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-370x180.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab_500px-top-410x200.jpg 410w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 615px) 100vw, 615px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae835ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"ae835ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d83b23c sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"d83b23c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f6c72c sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f6c72c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"1\">Shortly before the launch of the Skylab station, NASA also planned to send a second module in 1975 or 1976 named Skylab B, which was to serve as an addition to the Soyuz-Apollo mission (International Skylab), and then be expanded by the space shuttle into an orbital station (Advanced Skylab); however, due to a lack of funds, the launch of Skylab B was canceled, and the station hull itself was handed over to a museum in 1976.<\/p><h2 data-path-to-node=\"2\">Summary<\/h2><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">The experiments conducted on board the station mainly concerned astronomy (24%), Earth surface reconnaissance (48%), engineering and technology (10%), and medicine and biology (10%). These studies were completed successfully. They were the result of both careful preparation of the equipment and experiments as well as the excellence of the technology, work organization, and the activities of the astronauts themselves. Important information was obtained in the fields of physics, materials science, and technologies for obtaining products of significant industrial importance. Medical and biological studies were also completed successfully. Regarding astronomy, the research concerned the Sun. Each of the instruments located in the station had been previously used in satellites. For example, a white-light coronagraph was on board the astronomical satellite OSO 7 in 1971, and earlier on rockets and stratospheric balloons. However, on Skylab, the instruments were larger and significantly improved. The six main instruments were about three meters long, and their total mass was over a ton. The stability of the ATM astronomical observatory was comparable to the stability of instruments placed on the Earth&#8217;s surface (sometimes better than one second). In the absence of an atmosphere, a spatial and spectral resolution was achieved that was sometimes orders of magnitude better compared to previous achievements. At the same time, research conducted at the station was supported by parallel observations on the surface of our planet through the headquarters at the Johnson Space Center in Houston.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-49fa9cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"49fa9cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44f5627 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"44f5627\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c59d298 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c59d298\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-54770\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-370x208.jpg 370w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-1290x725.jpg 1290w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-840x473.jpg 840w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-410x231.jpg 410w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-730x411.jpg 730w, https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-6-270x152.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-29626d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"29626d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf35716 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"bf35716\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2d1053 sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2d1053\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-path-to-node=\"2\">During its nine months of operation, Skylab encountered many complex technical problems that threatened the entire program. At the same time, this first American space station became famous as a real-life laboratory orbiting the Earth. During 3,896 orbits, the three crews that visited Skylab confirmed that outer space can create a new, unique quality for scientific and technological research, as well as change the way we look at Earth and our Universe. During their stay at the station, the astronauts traveled a total of about 115 million kilometers over the course of 171 days on board. Nine crew members went into space ten times, spending over 42 hours outside the station. During this time, they performed repairs, maintenance, collected experimental kits and film canisters from telescopes, and photographed celestial objects. They conducted experiments in various fields lasting over two thousand hours. At the same time, they proved that humans can safely adapt to life and long-term work in microgravity conditions in space.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"3\">Because work on the space shuttle was already advanced, there was a possibility that the shuttle could reach Skylab during its first flights and boost it to a higher orbit, which would allow for the recovery of results from several experiments and perhaps house several more crews on the station. However, the space shuttle plans changed, which caused these and other ideas for saving the station to be abandoned \u2013 the decreasing distance from Earth gradually brought Skylab closer to its inevitable entry into the Earth&#8217;s atmosphere.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd836ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"fd836ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c85545 sc_content_align_inherit sc_layouts_column_icons_position_left sc_fly_static\" data-id=\"4c85545\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c116b6e sc_fly_static elementor-widget elementor-widget-trx_sc_button\" data-id=\"c116b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"trx_sc_button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div\tclass=\"sc_item_button sc_button_wrap\" ><a href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/space-stations\/\" class=\"sc_button sc_button_default sc_button_size_normal sc_button_with_icon sc_button_icon_left\" ><span class=\"sc_button_icon\"><span class=\"icon-reply\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"sc_button_text\"><span class=\"sc_button_title\">\u592a\u7a7a\u7ad9<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Skylab (short for Sky Laboratory) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979. The purpose of placing the laboratory in orbit was to&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-54255","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Skylab - Stargaze<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/skylab\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Skylab - Stargaze\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Skylab (short for Sky Laboratory) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979. The purpose of placing the laboratory in orbit was to&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/skylab\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Stargaze\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-24T12:45:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"16 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/\",\"name\":\"Skylab - Stargaze\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-23T10:54:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-24T12:45:21+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Skylab\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/\",\"name\":\"Stargaze\",\"description\":\"Space, Astronomy and Observatory WordPress Theme\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Stargaze\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/logo.png\",\"width\":164,\"height\":38,\"caption\":\"Stargaze\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Skylab - Stargaze","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/skylab\/","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Skylab - Stargaze","og_description":"Skylab (short for Sky Laboratory) \u2013 an American space station that operated from May 14, 1973, to July 11, 1979. The purpose of placing the laboratory in orbit was to&hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/skylab\/","og_site_name":"Stargaze","article_modified_time":"2026-01-24T12:45:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1768,"url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"16 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/","url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/","name":"Skylab - Stargaze","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg","datePublished":"2025-10-23T10:54:06+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-24T12:45:21+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/skylab-start-2-1024x707.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/skylab\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Skylab"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/","name":"Stargaze","description":"Space, Astronomy and Observatory WordPress Theme","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#organization","name":"Stargaze","url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/logo.png","width":164,"height":38,"caption":"Stargaze"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54255","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54255"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54255\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54773,"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/54255\/revisions\/54773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54255"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}