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30px;border-color:rgba(144,169,218,.18);background:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(16,29,49,.98),rgba(8,19,34,.98));overflow:hidden}.slc-phase:before{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;width:3px;background:linear-gradient(#84a5ff,#a986ff)}.slc-phase-num{align-self:start;padding:9px 11px;border:1px solid rgba(141,168,255,.3);border-radius:999px;text-align:center}.slc-phase h3{font-size:23px;line-height:1.15;text-wrap:balance}.slc-phase p{font-size:14px}.slc-gate{align-self:stretch;padding:16px 18px;border:0;border-radius:15px;color:#c8d3e6;background:rgba(141,168,255,.08);font-size:12px}.slc-gate strong{display:block;margin-bottom:7px;color:#91aaff;font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.11em;text-transform:uppercase}\n.slc-orbitarium .slc-risk-table tr{background:transparent!important}.slc-orbitarium .slc-risk-table td{color:#b4c0d2!important;background:#0c1728!important}.slc-orbitarium .slc-risk-table td:first-child{color:#fff!important}.slc-orbitarium .slc-risk-table th{color:#8291a8!important;background:transparent!important}\n@media(max-width:900px){.slc-section-head{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}.slc-section-lead{max-width:720px}.slc-phase{grid-template-columns:88px minmax(0,1fr)}.slc-gate{grid-column:2}.slc-assumption-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.slc-results-head>b{max-width:none}}\n@media(max-width:620px){.slc-section h2{font-size:clamp(32px,9.2vw,40px);letter-spacing:-.045em}.slc-results-head{flex-direction:column;padding:22px 20px 18px}.slc-results-head>b{align-self:flex-start}.slc-pulse-intro{padding:15px 20px}.slc-live-results .slc-chart-group{margin:0 20px}.slc-live-results .slc-result-callout{margin:0 20px 20px}.slc-assumption-card{min-height:0;padding:23px}.slc-assumption-top{margin-bottom:24px}.slc-assumption-top b{font-size:19px}.slc-assumption-card h3{font-size:21px}.slc-phase{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px;padding:23px}.slc-phase-num{justify-self:start}.slc-gate{grid-column:auto}.slc-roadmap{gap:11px}}\n<\/style>\n<article class=\"slc-orbitarium\" data-project=\"orbitarium-one\">\n<header class=\"slc-article-hero\">\n    <img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/orbitarium-hero.webp\" alt=\"A vast rotating torus habitat under construction above Earth\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1672\" height=\"941\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-shell slc-hero-copy\">\n<div class=\"slc-eyebrow\">A civic design experiment<\/div>\n<h1>Orbitarium One<\/h1>\n<p>Designing the first orbital city as a spacecraft, an ecosystem and a society \u2014 in that order, and with the public in the room from day one.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-actions\"><a class=\"slc-button slc-button-primary\" href=\"#design-lab\">Enter the design lab \u2198<\/a><a class=\"slc-button\" href=\"#premise\">Read the premise<\/a><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"slc-hero-metrics\">\n<div><strong>Phase 0<\/strong><span>civic concept<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>2,000<\/strong><span>baseline residents<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>0.8\u20131.0 g<\/strong><span>target at the rim<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong>6<\/strong><span>open design decisions<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"slc-section\" id=\"premise\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">01 \/ The premise<\/div>\n<h2>A city that must never forget it is a spacecraft.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">Popular culture \u2014 including <em>Elysium<\/em> \u2014 made the giant ring instantly recognisable. Orbitarium One removes the cinematic shortcuts and asks the harder question: what would we have to prove before anyone was invited to live there?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-prose\">\n<p>This article is not a claim that a vast orbital settlement can be financed or built today. It is a structured public design exercise. Every attractive rendering hides a chain of systems that must work together: pressure structure, rotation, shielding, power, heat rejection, food, water, medicine, governance, logistics, emergency response and a credible reason for the city to exist.<\/p>\n<p>The project begins with a strict rule: <strong>no single beautiful shape is allowed to decide the mission.<\/strong> Geometry follows population, location, construction method, gravity target, failure strategy and social contract. A ring may be an excellent civic diagram and still lose to a cylinder or a smaller modular cluster once mass, redundancy or assembly risk is modelled.<\/p>\n<p>Large settlements in space are not a new subject. NASA\u2019s 1977 <a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/19770014162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Space Settlements: A Design Study<\/a> treated permanent habitation as a combined engineering, architectural and social problem. Orbitarium One uses that tradition as a starting point, not as a finished blueprint.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-evidence\">\n<div><b>Observed<\/b><span>Demonstrated in flight or current operations.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><b>Studied<\/b><span>Analysed in technical literature, but not proven at city scale.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><b>Civic choice<\/b><span>A value decision that engineering alone cannot settle.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><b>Open risk<\/b><span>A gap that must be retired before the next phase.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<figure class=\"slc-figure\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/orbitarium-architecture-options.webp\" alt=\"Comparison of a torus, Bernal sphere and O'Neill cylinder habitat\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1916\" height=\"821\"><figcaption><span>Three families, three different construction and growth strategies.<\/span><span>Original concept artwork \u00b7 Space Lovers Club<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<section class=\"slc-section slc-design-lab\" id=\"design-lab\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">02 \/ Public design lab<\/div>\n<h2>Your choices become a living project brief.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">Select one answer in each question. Your draft is saved automatically on this device. At the end, you can send the complete brief and a design note to the moderated community review.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-progress\"><strong><span id=\"slc-progress-count\">0<\/span> of 6 decisions made<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-progress-track\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span id=\"slc-progress-bar\"><\/span><\/div>\n<p><button class=\"slc-choice\" id=\"slc-reset-ballot\" type=\"button\" style=\"width:auto\">Reset brief<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-shape-gallery\" data-poll=\"shape\" aria-label=\"Habitat form concepts\">\n      <button class=\"slc-shape-option\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Torus\"><img src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/habitat-torus-v2.webp\" alt=\"Torus orbital habitat above Earth\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span><b>Torus<\/b><small>Compact civic ring<\/small><\/span><\/button><br \/>\n      <button class=\"slc-shape-option\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Bernal sphere\"><img src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/habitat-bernal-sphere-v2.webp\" alt=\"Bernal sphere orbital habitat\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span><b>Bernal sphere<\/b><small>Centralised shell<\/small><\/span><\/button><br \/>\n      <button class=\"slc-shape-option\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Twin cylinders\"><img src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/habitat-oneill-cylinders-v2.webp\" alt=\"Twin O'Neill cylinder orbital habitat\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span><b>Twin cylinders<\/b><small>Maximum expansion<\/small><\/span><\/button><br \/>\n      <button class=\"slc-shape-option\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Modular cluster\"><img src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/habitat-modular-cluster-v2.webp\" alt=\"Modular cluster orbital settlement\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span><b>Modular cluster<\/b><small>Grow before scaling<\/small><\/span><\/button>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-lab-layout\">\n<div class=\"slc-lab-main\">\n<div class=\"slc-poll-grid\">\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"shape\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 01<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Primary form<\/h3>\n<p>Which geometry deserves the first full feasibility study?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Torus\">Torus \u2014 compact civic ring<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Bernal sphere\">Bernal sphere \u2014 centralised shell<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Twin cylinders\">Twin cylinders \u2014 maximum expansion<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Modular cluster\">Modular cluster \u2014 grow before spinning<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"population\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 02<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Pioneer population<\/h3>\n<p>How large should the first genuinely civic settlement be?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"500\">500 \u2014 research outpost<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"2,000\">2,000 \u2014 minimum civic district<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"10,000\">10,000 \u2014 diversified town<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"50,000\">50,000 \u2014 city from day one<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"gravity\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 03<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Gravity policy<\/h3>\n<p>What should the residential rim optimise for?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"0.38 g\">0.38 g \u2014 Mars analogue<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"0.60 g\">0.60 g \u2014 mass compromise<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"0.80 g\">0.80 g \u2014 conservative target<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"1.00 g\">1.00 g \u2014 Earth-normal target<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"location\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 04<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>First location<\/h3>\n<p>Where should construction, logistics and risk be balanced?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Low Earth orbit\">Low Earth orbit \u2014 access first<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Cislunar orbit\">Cislunar orbit \u2014 expansion first<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Earth\u2013Moon L4\/L5\">Earth\u2013Moon L4\/L5 \u2014 long horizon<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"economy\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 05<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Founding economy<\/h3>\n<p>What pays for maintenance before the settlement diversifies?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Research and manufacturing\">Research + manufacturing<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Energy and logistics\">Energy + orbital logistics<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Mixed civic economy\">Mixed civic economy<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-poll=\"governance\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">DECISION 06<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Founding governance<\/h3>\n<p>Who controls life-critical infrastructure and public rules?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Resident cooperative charter\">Resident cooperative charter<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"International public authority\">International public authority<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-value=\"Public\u2013private constitutional model\">Public\u2013private constitutional model<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-profile-grid\">\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-profile=\"age\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">RESEARCH PROFILE A<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Founding age mix<\/h3>\n<p>Which age structure should the first civic cohort prioritise?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"18\u201329: training-heavy\">18\u201329 \u2014 training-heavy cohort<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"30\u201344: experience balance\">30\u201344 \u2014 experience balance<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"Intergenerational\">Intergenerational from day one<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-poll\" data-profile=\"growth\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">RESEARCH PROFILE B<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Growth strategy<\/h3>\n<p>How should the city pass from outpost to permanent settlement?<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-choice-list\"><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"One complete ring\">Build one complete ring<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"Modular neighbourhoods\">Add modular neighbourhoods<\/button><button class=\"slc-choice\" type=\"button\" data-profile-value=\"Twin demonstrators\">Prove two smaller demonstrators first<\/button><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-range-grid\">\n<div class=\"slc-range-card\"><label for=\"slc-population-range\">Target population <output id=\"slc-population-output\">2,000<\/output><\/label><input id=\"slc-population-range\" type=\"range\" min=\"500\" max=\"50000\" step=\"500\" value=\"2000\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-range-scale\"><span>500<\/span><span>50,000<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-range-card\"><label for=\"slc-radius-range\">Residential radius <output id=\"slc-radius-output\">900 m<\/output><\/label><input id=\"slc-radius-range\" type=\"range\" min=\"100\" max=\"2500\" step=\"50\" value=\"900\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-range-scale\"><span>100 m<\/span><span>2,500 m<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-calculator\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">Rotation calculator<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-size:34px;margin:16px 0 10px\">How fast must the city turn?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"slc-note\">The simplified relation is a = \u03c9\u00b2r. This is a first-order calculator, not a human-factors certification model.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-calc-controls\"><label>Radius <output id=\"slc-calc-radius-value\">900 m<\/output><input id=\"slc-calc-radius\" type=\"range\" min=\"100\" max=\"2500\" step=\"25\" value=\"900\"><\/label><label>Target gravity <output id=\"slc-calc-gravity-value\">1.00 g<\/output><input id=\"slc-calc-gravity\" type=\"range\" min=\"0.2\" max=\"1\" step=\"0.05\" value=\"1\"><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-calc-output\">\n<div><strong id=\"slc-rpm\">1.00<\/strong><span>revolutions \/ min<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong id=\"slc-period\">60.1<\/strong><span>seconds \/ rotation<\/span><\/div>\n<div><strong id=\"slc-speed\">94.0<\/strong><span>rim speed m\/s<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-note\">Comfort depends on more than the gravity number. Rotation rate, radius, gravity gradient, head movement and Coriolis effects all matter. NASA literature treats adaptation and human factors as central design constraints, not decorative details.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<aside class=\"slc-live-results\" aria-label=\"Community design pulse\">\n<div class=\"slc-results-head\">\n<div><span>COMMUNITY DESIGN PULSE<\/span><strong>Round 01 is open<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><b id=\"slc-your-signal\">Cast your vote<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-pulse-intro\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Choose a direction and see how your brief compares with the project\u2019s opening design benchmark.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-chart-group\">\n<h3>Habitat form <small>starting benchmark<\/small><\/h3>\n<div class=\"slc-bar\"><span>Torus<\/span><i style=\"--v:43%\"><\/i><b>43<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-bar\"><span>Modular<\/span><i style=\"--v:24%\"><\/i><b>24<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-bar\"><span>Cylinders<\/span><i style=\"--v:19%\"><\/i><b>19<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-bar\"><span>Sphere<\/span><i style=\"--v:14%\"><\/i><b>14<\/b><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-chart-group\">\n<h3>Opening population <small>starting benchmark<\/small><\/h3>\n<div class=\"slc-donut\" aria-label=\"Design benchmark: 44 percent weight for 2,000 residents\"><span><b>44%<\/b>2,000 residents<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-mini-legend\"><span><i style=\"--c:#8da8ff\"><\/i>500 \u00b7 18%<\/span><span><i style=\"--c:#a88cff\"><\/i>2K \u00b7 44%<\/span><span><i style=\"--c:#67e3bf\"><\/i>10K \u00b7 28%<\/span><span><i style=\"--c:#ffba76\"><\/i>50K \u00b7 10%<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-chart-group\">\n<h3>Founding age mix <small>starting benchmark<\/small><\/h3>\n<div class=\"slc-age-grid\"><span><b>28<\/b>18\u201329<\/span><span><b>36<\/b>30\u201344<\/span><span><b>24<\/b>45\u201359<\/span><span><b>12<\/b>60+<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-result-callout\"><span>Opening design direction<\/span><strong>Torus \u00b7 2,000 residents \u00b7 intergenerational cohort<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-section slc-section-alt\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">03 \/ Geometry before aesthetics<\/div>\n<h2>Ring, sphere, cylinder \u2014 or a smaller truth first?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">Curved pressure shells distribute loads efficiently. A square can organise rooms, streets and modules, but it is a poor primary pressure vessel and produces no useful uniform gravity merely by being rotated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-deck\">\n<div class=\"slc-card\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">TORUS<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Best public diagram<\/h3>\n<p>A ring separates a non-rotating docking hub from a rotating residential rim. It offers a legible civic centre and manageable sightlines, but the spokes, bearings, transfers and uneven structural loads are difficult.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-card\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">CYLINDER<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Best expansion case<\/h3>\n<p>A long cylinder can create enormous continuous land area, yet end caps, attitude control, illumination and catastrophic containment become city-scale engineering challenges.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<figure class=\"slc-figure\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/orbitarium-interior.webp\" alt=\"Green residential district inside a rotating orbital habitat\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\"><figcaption><span>An interior must be designed around movement, maintenance, privacy and mental health \u2014 not only spectacle.<\/span><span>Original concept artwork \u00b7 Space Lovers Club<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<section class=\"slc-section\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">04 \/ Systems that make a city<\/div>\n<h2>The ring is the easy part to draw.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">The real architecture is a network of loops, reserves and repair paths. Each life-critical function needs monitoring, isolation, manual fallback and a strategy for degraded operation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-system-grid\">\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">01<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Air, water and waste<\/h3>\n<p>ISS systems have demonstrated 98% overall water recovery with the brine processor, but a city also needs nutrient recovery, food production, microbial control and buffers large enough to survive maintenance outages.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasa-achieves-water-recovery-milestone-on-international-space-station\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA water recovery milestone \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">02<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Radiation defence<\/h3>\n<p>Beyond Earth\u2019s protective environment, solar particles and galactic cosmic rays can damage tissue. Shielding, storm shelters, exposure forecasting and location choice must be designed together.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/about-the-space-radiation-element\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA Space Radiation Element \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">03<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Food and ecology<\/h3>\n<p>ESA\u2019s MELiSSA programme models a closed loop as separate biological compartments for waste conversion, nitrification, oxygen, water and food production. Orbitarium needs the same discipline: ecosystems must be engineered, measured and recoverable.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Enabling_Support\/Space_Engineering_Technology\/Melissa\/Closed_Loop_Concept\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ESA MELiSSA closed loop \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">04<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Assembly and repair<\/h3>\n<p>A settlement too large to launch whole must be assembled, inspected, upgraded and repaired in orbit. Robotics, standard interfaces, local manufacturing and replaceable pressure zones become constitutional infrastructure.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/isam\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA in-space assembly and manufacturing \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">05<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Habitability and health<\/h3>\n<p>NASA standards connect volume and layout to crew size, mission duration, privacy, recreation, medical care and task flow. A city cannot treat these as late-stage interior decoration.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/api\/citations\/20250004555\/downloads\/NASA-STD-3001%20Vol%202%20Rev%20E%20FINAL_05022025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA-STD-3001 Volume 2 \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">06<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Governance and legitimacy<\/h3>\n<p>Who controls oxygen, power, movement, data and emergency authority? A credible charter needs rights, transparent system metrics, due process, independent safety review and a lawful path to leave.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#design-lab\">Vote on the founding model \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-section slc-section-alt\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">05 \/ Population and purpose<\/div>\n<h2>People are not payload.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">A passenger list becomes a city only when it contains enough skills, institutions, relationships and spare capacity to survive ordinary life as well as extraordinary failure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-prose\">\n<p>There is no scientifically established \u201cminimum population\u201d for an orbital civilisation. Genetic diversity is only one part of the question and can be supported by managed reproductive medicine and stored biological material. The harder near-term constraint is functional: can the community operate hospitals, power systems, farms, schools, maintenance, manufacturing, courts, emergency services and democratic institutions without exhausting a small number of indispensable specialists?<\/p>\n<p>That is why Orbitarium One uses <strong>2,000 residents as a debate baseline, not a discovered law of nature.<\/strong> It is large enough to imagine several independent teams for critical work, a genuine civic life and a range of ages and professions. It is still small enough that the first settlement can be divided into pressure neighbourhoods, each capable of isolation and partial autonomy. The model must be tested against sickness, conflict, simultaneous equipment failures and the loss of transport from Earth.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-system-grid\" style=\"margin-top:44px\">\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">500<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Research outpost<\/h3>\n<p>Five hundred people could operate a sophisticated station, but specialist bottlenecks would remain severe. Many services would have one team, one clinic or one workshop. Governance might resemble an expedition more than an open city, and family life could be subordinated to mission needs.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">2K<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Civic district<\/h3>\n<p>Two thousand residents allow overlapping technical teams, schools, cultural institutions, a broader medical service and elected neighbourhood representation. The challenge is economic depth: the city still depends heavily on a narrow set of export activities and transport links.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">10K<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Diversified town<\/h3>\n<p>At ten thousand, specialisation and internal markets become more credible. The habitat also becomes much harder to evacuate, feed and expand. Construction must therefore shift from a heroic project to repeatable industrial production before this scale is authorised.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-system-card\"><span class=\"slc-number\">50K<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>City from day one<\/h3>\n<p>A fifty-thousand-person opening sounds socially rich, but it concentrates unproven risk. It requires enormous transport, medical, housing and life-support capacity before operational learning has accumulated. Orbitarium treats this as an expansion horizon, not a responsible first occupancy.<\/p>\n<\/article><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-deck\">\n<div class=\"slc-card\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">SIZE IS A SERVICE MODEL<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>How large should the first ring be?<\/h3>\n<p>Radius is not chosen by a skyline image. It follows rotation limits, gravity target, structural mass, shielding, deck depth and the area needed for housing, public space, logistics and repair. A radius near 900 metres produces roughly 1 g at about one revolution per minute in the simplified model above. That does not certify comfort or feasibility; it simply creates a useful baseline for human-factors research.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:16px\">The pressure hull should be divided into cells rather than treated as one continuous atmosphere. Streets and parks can cross those boundaries through protected transfers, but a local fire, contamination event or puncture must not threaten the entire population.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-card\"><span class=\"slc-card-index\">PURPOSE BEFORE REVENUE<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Why does Orbitarium exist?<\/h3>\n<p>A settlement cannot be justified solely by selling homes to its own construction workers. Its first economy might combine microgravity and vacuum manufacturing, research, spacecraft servicing, energy, communications, logistics and cultural production. Every revenue model must be stress-tested against launch price changes and the loss of a major customer.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:16px\">Life-support reserves, medical capability and safe return cannot be cut automatically during a recession. They need legally protected funding, much like a public utility or central bank reserve, because insolvency in orbit can become a physical emergency within hours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-grid\" aria-label=\"Opening design assumptions\">\n<article class=\"slc-assumption-card\">\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-top\"><span>ASSUMPTION 01<\/span><b>2,000<\/b><\/div>\n<h3>Residents at opening<\/h3>\n<p>Enough functional overlap for a civic district without accepting the risk of opening at full city scale.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-proof\"><strong>Evidence gate<\/strong>Workforce, health, education and emergency simulations.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-assumption-card\">\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-top\"><span>ASSUMPTION 02<\/span><b>900 m<\/b><\/div>\n<h3>Residential radius<\/h3>\n<p>A useful first-order reference for approximately one revolution per minute at an Earth-like gravity target.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-proof\"><strong>Evidence gate<\/strong>Human-factors trials, structural trade studies and transport design.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-assumption-card\">\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-top\"><span>ASSUMPTION 03<\/span><b>MIXED<\/b><\/div>\n<h3>Founding economy<\/h3>\n<p>Multiple revenue streams reduce dependence on one customer, employer or space-based commodity.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-proof\"><strong>Evidence gate<\/strong>Independent demand, cost and logistics models.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-assumption-card\">\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-top\"><span>ASSUMPTION 04<\/span><b>CHARTER<\/b><\/div>\n<h3>Rights before occupancy<\/h3>\n<p>Life-support operators hold exceptional power, so enforceable civic protections must exist before residents arrive.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-assumption-proof\"><strong>Evidence gate<\/strong>Resident ratification, legal review and emergency simulations.<\/div>\n<\/article><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-prose\" style=\"margin-top:54px\">\n<p><strong>The charter should be treated as a safety system.<\/strong> Residents need enforceable access to air-quality, radiation, water and maintenance data. Emergency powers must expire automatically and be reviewable. Infrastructure operators need a duty to disclose degraded margins. Workers must be able to report risk without retaliation. Children born in the settlement cannot be assumed to have accepted an employment contract or political order designed before their birth.<\/p>\n<p>The right to leave is equally important. A city is not meaningfully voluntary if transport is controlled by one employer or if debt makes return impossible. Orbitarium therefore needs a mobility fund, protected passenger capacity and agreements with Earth-side jurisdictions before permanent families arrive. These are not secondary ethical questions. They determine whether the settlement is a community or a company town with a vacuum outside.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, the city must preserve ordinary human freedom. Green space cannot be justified only as an oxygen machine; privacy cannot be measured only as cabin volume; education cannot be reduced to workforce replacement. The architecture should leave room for unprogrammed time, dissent, art, belief, sport, friendship and bad ideas that can fail safely. A technically closed loop should not become a socially closed one.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-section slc-build-section\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">06 \/ Build sequence<\/div>\n<h2>Grow through proof, not promises.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">No phase begins because a date arrived. It begins only when the previous phase passes measurable safety, maintainability and social-readiness gates.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-roadmap\">\n<article class=\"slc-phase\"><span class=\"slc-phase-num\">PHASE 0<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Ground systems and civic charter<\/h3>\n<p>Test closed-loop subsystems, rotating-room human factors, governance simulations, digital twins, emergency law and transparent public metrics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-gate\"><strong>Exit gate:<\/strong> multi-year integrated operation with failures deliberately injected.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-phase\"><span class=\"slc-phase-num\">PHASE 1<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Uncrewed orbital construction yard<\/h3>\n<p>Demonstrate autonomous assembly, pressure-cell manufacture, inspection, shielding placement, thermal control and repair without putting residents at risk.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-gate\"><strong>Exit gate:<\/strong> stable production and remote recovery from major faults.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-phase\"><span class=\"slc-phase-num\">PHASE 2<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Rotating research demonstrator<\/h3>\n<p>A small crew validates transfer between rotating and non-rotating zones, medical effects, maintenance workload, agriculture and evacuation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-gate\"><strong>Exit gate:<\/strong> independent safety review and reproducible human-factors data.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-phase\"><span class=\"slc-phase-num\">PHASE 3<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Pioneer district<\/h3>\n<p>Hundreds \u2014 not thousands \u2014 test civic services, schooling, mixed work, family policy, representation and long-duration supply resilience.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-gate\"><strong>Exit gate:<\/strong> no life-critical single point of failure and credible return capacity.<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-phase\"><span class=\"slc-phase-num\">PHASE 4<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Orbitarium One<\/h3>\n<p>Expansion toward the public baseline of 2,000 residents begins only after the habitat proves it can grow without weakening safety, ecology or rights.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-gate\"><strong>Exit gate:<\/strong> decided by evidence and residents, not investor timetable.<\/div>\n<\/article><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-section\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">07 \/ Risk register<\/div>\n<h2>What can end the project?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">The most dangerous failure is not a dramatic hull breach. It is normalisation of small degradations across connected systems until the city loses margin and no one owns the whole risk.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-risk-wrap\">\n<table class=\"slc-risk-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Risk<\/th>\n<th>Design response<\/th>\n<th>Proof required<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pressure loss<\/td>\n<td>Small isolatable cells, automatic shutters, refuge zones.<\/td>\n<td>Full-scale destructive and repair tests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Rotation instability<\/td>\n<td>Mass balancing, active control, independent safe spin-down.<\/td>\n<td>Hardware-in-loop and orbital demonstrator.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Radiation event<\/td>\n<td>Distributed shielding and reachable storm shelters.<\/td>\n<td>Measured dose maps and occupancy drills.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ecological collapse<\/td>\n<td>Multiple loops plus stored reserves and sterile restart capacity.<\/td>\n<td>Multi-year closed-loop trials with fault injection.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Supply interruption<\/td>\n<td>Local repair, standard parts, strategic inventories.<\/td>\n<td>Survival through planned logistics blackout.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Governance capture<\/td>\n<td>Rights charter, independent courts, auditable infrastructure data.<\/td>\n<td>Constitutional simulation and resident ratification.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Public-health emergency<\/td>\n<td>Isolation wards, local diagnostics, air-zone control.<\/td>\n<td>Medical exercises without immediate Earth support.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Economic failure<\/td>\n<td>Diverse revenue and protected life-support reserve.<\/td>\n<td>Stress test without growth assumptions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-section slc-section-light\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\" style=\"color:#496ee6\">08 \/ Research desk<\/div>\n<h2>Start with evidence. Mark the unknowns.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">These sources do not prove that Orbitarium One is ready to build. They define the foundation from which honest feasibility work should begin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-source-grid\">\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA SP-413 \u00b7 1977<\/small><strong>Space Settlements: A Design Study<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The landmark interdisciplinary study of large permanent settlements, covering structure, life support, economics and society.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/19770014162\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA \u00b7 Artificial gravity<\/small><strong>Physics of Artificial Gravity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rotation dynamics, gravity gradients, Coriolis forces, comfort and engineering options.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/api\/citations\/20070001008\/downloads\/20070001008.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA technical standard<\/small><strong>NASA-STD-3001, Volume 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Human factors, habitability, environmental health, privacy, medical and architectural requirements.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/api\/citations\/20250004555\/downloads\/NASA-STD-3001%20Vol%202%20Rev%20E%20FINAL_05022025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>Operational milestone<\/small><strong>98% water recovery on ISS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A concrete demonstration of regenerative life support \u2014 and a reminder that water recovery is only one loop.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/iss-research\/nasa-achieves-water-recovery-milestone-on-international-space-station\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>ESA MELiSSA<\/small><strong>Closed-loop compartments<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>An engineering approach to waste conversion, nitrification, oxygen, water and food production.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Enabling_Support\/Space_Engineering_Technology\/Melissa\/Closed_Loop_Compartments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA Human Research Program<\/small><strong>Space Radiation Element<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Health risks, risk modelling, biological effects and shielding research beyond Earth\u2019s atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/reference\/about-the-space-radiation-element\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA ISAM<\/small><strong>In-space servicing, assembly and manufacturing<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Technologies for autonomous assembly, repair, refuelling and large structures in orbit.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/isam\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<article class=\"slc-source\"><small>NASA ISRU<\/small><strong>Using resources beyond Earth<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Why local oxygen, water, feedstock and construction materials may change the economics of large habitats.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/overview-in-situ-resource-utilization\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open source \u2197<\/a><\/article>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"slc-submit\" id=\"submit-brief\">\n<div class=\"slc-shell\">\n<div class=\"slc-section-head\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"slc-kicker\">09 \/ Join the review<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"color:#fff\">Turn your choices into a public design brief.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-section-lead\">Your selections stay on this device until you submit them. Community submissions are moderated before they enter the shared discussion and tally.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-brief\">\n<aside class=\"slc-summary\">\n<h3>Your Orbitarium brief<\/h3>\n<div class=\"slc-summary-list\" id=\"slc-summary-list\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"slc-note\">This is a civic preference record, not an engineering approval.<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<form class=\"slc-brief-form\" id=\"slc-brief-form\">\n<h3>Submit a design note<\/h3>\n<p>Explain the trade-off you care about most. Short, specific reasoning is more useful than a slogan.<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-field-grid\">\n<div class=\"slc-field\"><label for=\"slc-author\">Name<\/label><input id=\"slc-author\" name=\"author\" autocomplete=\"name\" required maxlength=\"80\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-field\"><label for=\"slc-email\">Email \u2014 not displayed<\/label><input id=\"slc-email\" name=\"email\" type=\"email\" autocomplete=\"email\" required maxlength=\"120\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-field slc-field-full\"><label for=\"slc-thought\">Your design note<\/label><textarea id=\"slc-thought\" name=\"thought\" required maxlength=\"1800\" placeholder=\"Which assumption should the project test first \u2014 and what result would change your mind?\"><\/textarea><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-field\" hidden><label for=\"slc-website\">Website<\/label><input id=\"slc-website\" name=\"website\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><label class=\"slc-consent\"><input id=\"slc-consent\" type=\"checkbox\" required><span>I understand that my name, selections and design note may be published after moderation. My email is used only for comment processing and is not displayed.<\/span><\/label><button class=\"slc-submit-button\" type=\"submit\">Send to community review<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-form-status\" id=\"slc-form-status\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n<\/form><\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-community\">\n<h3>Community signal<\/h3>\n<p id=\"slc-community-note\">Loading approved design briefs\u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"slc-tally\" id=\"slc-community-tally\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"slc-disclaimer\" style=\"margin-top:26px\"><strong>Project status:<\/strong> Orbitarium One is an editorial and civic-design exercise by Space Lovers Club. It is not an announced construction programme, investment offer or claim of present-day technical readiness. All numbers shown as \u201ctargets\u201d are assumptions for debate until validated by formal systems engineering.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<p><script id=\"slc-orbitarium-script\">\n(function(){const root=document.querySelector('.slc-orbitarium');if(!root||root.dataset.ready==='1')return;root.dataset.ready='1';const storageKey='slc_orbitarium_one_brief_v1';const polls=['shape','population','gravity','location','economy','governance'];const labels={shape:'Primary form',population:'Pioneer population',gravity:'Gravity policy',location:'First location',economy:'Founding economy',governance:'Governance'};let state={polls:{},populationTarget:2000,radius:900};try{const saved=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(storageKey)||'{}');state={...state,...saved,polls:{...state.polls,...(saved.polls||{})}}}catch(e){}const save=()=>{localStorage.setItem(storageKey,JSON.stringify(state));render()};const render=()=>{polls.forEach(key=>{root.querySelectorAll(`[data-poll=\"${key}\"] [data-value]`).forEach(button=>button.classList.toggle('is-selected',state.polls[key]===button.dataset.value))});const count=polls.filter(key=>state.polls[key]).length;document.getElementById('slc-progress-count').textContent=count;document.getElementById('slc-progress-bar').style.width=`${count\/polls.length*100}%`;document.getElementById('slc-population-range').value=state.populationTarget;document.getElementById('slc-population-output').textContent=Number(state.populationTarget).toLocaleString();document.getElementById('slc-radius-range').value=state.radius;document.getElementById('slc-radius-output').textContent=`${Number(state.radius).toLocaleString()} m`;const list=document.getElementById('slc-summary-list');list.textContent='';polls.forEach(key=>{const row=document.createElement('div');row.className='slc-summary-row';const name=document.createElement('span');name.textContent=labels[key];const value=document.createElement('b');value.textContent=state.polls[key]||'Not decided';row.append(name,value);list.append(row)});[['Target population',Number(state.populationTarget).toLocaleString()],['Residential radius',`${Number(state.radius).toLocaleString()} m`]].forEach(item=>{const row=document.createElement('div');row.className='slc-summary-row';const name=document.createElement('span');name.textContent=item[0];const value=document.createElement('b');value.textContent=item[1];row.append(name,value);list.append(row)})};root.querySelectorAll('[data-poll] [data-value]').forEach(button=>button.addEventListener('click',()=>{state.polls[button.closest('[data-poll]').dataset.poll]=button.dataset.value;save()}));document.getElementById('slc-population-range').addEventListener('input',e=>{state.populationTarget=Number(e.target.value);save()});document.getElementById('slc-radius-range').addEventListener('input',e=>{state.radius=Number(e.target.value);save()});document.getElementById('slc-reset-ballot').addEventListener('click',()=>{state={polls:{},populationTarget:2000,radius:900};localStorage.removeItem(storageKey);render()});const calc=()=>{const radius=Number(document.getElementById('slc-calc-radius').value);const gravity=Number(document.getElementById('slc-calc-gravity').value);const omega=Math.sqrt(gravity*9.80665\/radius);const rpm=omega*60\/(2*Math.PI);document.getElementById('slc-calc-radius-value').textContent=`${radius.toLocaleString()} m`;document.getElementById('slc-calc-gravity-value').textContent=`${gravity.toFixed(2)} g`;document.getElementById('slc-rpm').textContent=rpm.toFixed(2);document.getElementById('slc-period').textContent=(60\/rpm).toFixed(1);document.getElementById('slc-speed').textContent=(omega*radius).toFixed(1)};document.getElementById('slc-calc-radius').addEventListener('input',calc);document.getElementById('slc-calc-gravity').addEventListener('input',calc);const postId=(()=>{const match=document.body.className.match(\/postid-(\\d+)\/);return match?Number(match[1]):0})();const stripHtml=html=>{const doc=new DOMParser().parseFromString(String(html).replace(\/<br\\s*\\\/?\\s*>\/gi,'\\n'),'text\/html');return doc.body.textContent||''};const loadCommunity=async()=>{const note=document.getElementById('slc-community-note');const tally=document.getElementById('slc-community-tally');if(!postId){note.textContent='Community tally will open with the published article.';return}try{const params=new URLSearchParams({post:String(postId),status:'approve',per_page:'100'});const response=await fetch(`${location.origin}\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?${params.toString()}`);if(!response.ok)throw new Error('comments');const comments=await response.json();const ballots=comments.map(item=>stripHtml(item.content?.rendered||'')).filter(text=>text.includes('Orbitarium One community ballot'));if(!ballots.length){note.textContent='No approved ballots yet. 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Enter Orbitarium One \u2014 a public design experiment where engineering evidence meets civic choice.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":56292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[326,287],"tags":[328,331,327,330,329],"class_list":["post-56246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-future-habitats","category-science","tag-artificial-gravity","tag-citizen-science","tag-orbital-habitats","tag-space-architecture","tag-space-settlements"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Orbitarium One: Designing the First Civic City in Orbit - Space Lovers Club<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceloversclub.com\/zh\/orbitarium-one-designing-the-first-civic-city-in-orbit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Orbitarium One: Designing the First Civic City in Orbit - Space Lovers Club\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What would it take to build a permanent rotating city in orbit? 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